Land cover change and deforestation have a significant impact on climate change. This study investigates the effect of land cover change and deforestation on surface temperatures and extreme rainfall in the New Capital City of Indonesia (IKN), particularly in Samboja and Sepaku Subdistricts, East Kalimantan Province. Land cover change and deforestation were analyzed from Landsat 5 TM, 7 ETM+, and 8 OLI satellite data during 2001-2020. Land cover is divided into four classes: built-up land, water bodies, vegetation, and agricultural area. Rainfall data were obtained from the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) version 6 satellite, and extreme temperatures were taken from fifth-generation ECMWF reanalysis (ERA5) data. A significant decrease in vegetated land area is observed every year, followed by an increase in residential land and buildings (built-up area) and agricultural land. The highest rate of increase was observed in the area of ​​agricultural land. Such change is correlated with an increase in surface temperature in the IKN. The strongest correlation is shown by increased built-up area and agricultural land. The relationship between rainfall and land cover is weak, and the body of water shows a relatively strong relationship. The extreme number of very wet days (R95p), ​​consecutive dry days (CDD), and max 1-day precipitation (RX1day) rain index showed a decreasing trend during 2001-2020. However, the consecutive wet days (CWDs) index showed an increase. This needs to be a concern because consecutive precipitation extremes may cause more catastrophability than occasional extreme events.

Penelitian ini membahas tentang perubahan tutupan lahan di Kalimantan terhadap temperatur permukaan. Identifikasi perubahan tutupan lahan dilakukan dengan metode analisa data satelit landsat pada setiap kelas tutupan lahan  yang bertujun untuk melihat kenaikan suhu permukaan. Klasifikasi tutupan lahan dan suhu permukaan didapatkan dari data landsat 5 dan 8 yang diolah dengan menggunakan ENVI 5.3 dan Arcgis 10.6 1. Klasifikasi tutupan lahan dibagi atas 3 kelas secara garis besar yaitu lahan terbangun, badan air, dan lahan non terbangun. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa suhu permukaan pada setiap kelas tutupan lahan berbeda-beda. Perubahan pada tahun 1999 ke 2014 sebesar 7 % pada wilayah Kalimatan Timur, Kalimantan Selatan dan Kalimantan Barat. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan perubahan tutupan lahan berbanding lurus dengan temperatur permukaan

This study aims to describe students short story writing skills using the master copy technique and mind mapping techniques. This type of research is quantitative with analytical descriptive method. Research sampling is done by purposive sampling technique. The instrument used to collect data in this study is the performance test, which is writing short story texts. The research data ini the form of short story writing skills using the master copy technique and mind mapping technique. The research data collection technique is by analyzing students short story writing skills by apllying the master copy technique and mind mapping technique. Indicators used to assess short story writing skills, namely structure, instrinsic elements, and linguistic elements. Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that. First, short story writing skills using the master copy the technique of the eleventh grade students of Padang Panjang public high school 2 are in good qualification because the average value of short story text writing skills using the master copy technique is 82.07. Second, short story writing skills using mind mapping techniques of the eleventh grade students of Padang Panjang 2 high school are in excellent qualifications because the average value of short story writing skills using mind mapping technique is 88.26. Third, based on the calculated average values for the two texts, there is a significant different between the short story writing skills using the master copy technique of the eleventh grade students of Padang Panjang 2 high school.Kata kunci : keterampilan menulis, teks cerpen, copy the master, mind mapping