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No abstract

Apsolutno određivanje položaja točke s GNSS/CORS (Globalni navigacijski satelitski sustav) u šumskim područjima predstavlja značajan izazov u smislu uštede vremena, kako bi se dobile što točnije koordinate točaka. Vrijeme za rješenje neodređenosti faze cijelih brojeva nosača obično traje jedan sat ili više za apsolutno određivanje točaka pod šumskim područjem s GNSS/CORS. U ovom istraživanju predložena je alternativna metoda za određivanje položaja točke, koja daje rezultate položaja s preciznošću na razini centimetra i potrebno je skoro 15 minuta kako bi se dala nova lokacija točke u šumskom području. Predložena metoda može također imati praktičnu primjenu za unutarnje prostore sa željenom preciznošću na razini cm, koja se postiže u kratkom vremenu promatranja. U ovom istraživanju, proveli smo terenski rad kako bi dobili koordinate točaka u šumskim područjima s GNSS/CORS sustavom i dodatnim mjerenjima, utvrđivanjem dviju kontrolnih točaka promatranih s GNSS/CORS lociranih na granici šumskog područja. Rezultati pokazuju da se zadovoljavajuće rješenje za šumsko područje postiže na razini cm (≈ ± 6 cm) u kratkom vremenu promatranja.

One of the important indicators of developed societies, protect their history and transport them for future generations. Therefore, sustainable monitoring and determination present situations of the historical buildings are important for protection of them. Knowledge and awareness of these structures in terms of absolute positional and dimensional information acquisition, evaluation and analysis associated with geomatic engineering. In this context, it is aimed to monitor the existing structural deformations of barrack located in Davutpasa Campus at Yildiz Technical University, for two hundred years, using modern geodetic techniques. In this study, geodetic network, has fixed and dynamic points, established to monitor horizontal and vertical deformations occurred in the southern-east facade of barrack. Mentioned network consists of 5 reference points and 10 traverse points. Six of polygons inside of the structure and the remaining 4 polygons are out of it. The structure has 54 object points, 28 of them are based inside the structure and the remaining 26 object point of them out of it. These points are based in a form of on the wall to determine the deviations from vertical plane and also the points in a form of a pair of points are based on the wall with same vertical direction. Since the date of June 2011, the structure measured for three periods by terrestrial and satellite observation techniques. The displacements observed during three periods of measurement. Horizontal positions of 5 fixed points are measured by satellite observation techniques. Also terrestrial measurements were made depending on 5 fixed points as mentioned above to determine the 10 polygon point's horizontal position. Horizontal positions of the object points are measured by distance/angle surveying technique and calculate their coordinates with resection method depend on polygons. Vertical displacement of 15 fixed points measured by precise geometric levelling method and horizontal displacement of 54 object points measured by precise trigonometric method. In this study, design of geodetic control network, measurements, evaluation and analysis first results are given.

Before the application, the coordinates of the circle shaped seat places that will be applied in indoor space can be obtained by the help of common points determined in numerical project model formed in a local coordinate system. Practically, the coordinates of the points in the digital project model can be also obtained numerically by using the coordinates of the common points. However, converting to numerals manually, the factors such as the support quality of the project, exhaustion of the operator, hand tremble and screen resolution influence the sensitivity of the conversion to numerals. Errors made during the conversion negatively affect the coordinates of the points. The most suitable method not to make errors is the calculation of coordinates of the points in the project model by geodetic method. In this project, the calculation of the coordinates of the seat midpoints placed on the curves in a closed area, benefited from the corner point coordinates of the seats in the indoor space obtained from geodetic measurement in a local coordinate system before the application and benefited from the data of the other points of the indoor space are explained. Furthermore, the ground application of the midpoints of the seats on each curve row is explained. The accuracy of the stake-out of seats in the conference room is obtained between 1 and 2 cm.