Geochemical and petrological characteristics of lamprophyre dykes at Kalagalla intruded into the auriferous schistose rocks of the Ramagiri-Penakacherla Schist Belt, Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, India are presented here. The Kalagalla lamprophyre (KGL) is a melanocratic rock exhibiting typical knobby or pustular texture on the surface. The microtextures and mineralogy typical of lamprophyres are obscured by metamorphism; however, it exhibits porphyritic, nemato-granoblastic texture representative of greenschist facies of metamorphism. The rock is sheared and possesses several globules formed by polycrystalline aggregates of calcite rimmed by coronitic subhedral plagioclase and biotite, evidencing its mantle-magmatic origin. The mineral assemblages noticed in thin-sections include amphibole, plagioclase, biotite, phlogopite and calcite ocelli as essential while apatite, zircon, magnetite, ilmenite, Ni-bearing chalcopyrite and pyrite as accessory phases. The SEM-EDS investigation on the accessory minerals revealed accessory sulphide and silicate phases like As-free pyrite, haematitised Ni-bearing chalcopyrite and Ni-As-Co-minerals indicative of sulphidation associated with greenstone auriferous lodes, along with silicates like LREE-bearing titanite partially transformed into leucoxene and oxide phases like magnetite altered to goethite at places. Based on mineral chemistry, whole rock geochemistry, presence of amphibole and dominance of plagioclase, the KGL is classified as a calc-alkaline variety in general and as spessartite in particular possessing shoshonitic affinity. No anomalous chemical composition is noticed in the ocellar calcite. The LREE-bearing titanite appears to be the contributor of LREE enrichment. The high Mg# (77-79), Ni (153-162 ppm) and Cr (380-470 ppm) support a mantle source. The absence of Eu anomaly reflects lack of plagioclase fractionation. The high Zr/Hf ratio (163-202) indicates absence of crustal contamination and contribution of magmatic carbonate at the source to form ocelli as product of late-stage liquid silicate-carbonate immiscibility of segregation mechanism. The trace and REE patterns (ƩREE: 326-343 ppm, LREE>HREE) indicate involvement of residual garnet at the source presumably enriched in phlogopite in a 'subduction-related' environment.
O entendimento das tendências na concentração de elementos traço selecionados em solos residuais em quatro chaminés de kimberlito diamantíferos conhecidos (3, 4, 8 e 9) que ocorrem em Lattavaram dentro do Campo de Kimberlite de Wajrakarur (WKF) é tentada pela primeira vez. As chaminés 3 e 4 estão expostas enquanto os 8 e 9 estão ocultas sob calcrete e colúvio. Para este propósito, elementos como Nb, Cr, Ni, Co, Zr, Mg, Sr e La são usados para entender suas concentrações nos solos quimberlíticos em comparação com solos graníticos considerados background. Observa-se que os solos nos tubos de kimberlito apresentam enriquecimento conspícuo de elementos como Cr, Co, Nb, Ni, Mg e Sr quando comparados aos solos de granitoides. No entanto, não há muita variação nos padrões de elementos La e Zr entre os solos kimberlíticos e do background. O pulso alto em elementos traço em solos é atribuído à presença de minerais kimberlíticos primários e seus produtos de intemperismo no solo. Este aspecto particular da pedogeoquímica é considerado útil como uma ferramenta de exploração em busca de kimberlitos em partes cratônicas do sul da Índia. Um enriquecimento do conteúdo de Nb até 45 ppm em solos residuais pode ser considerado anômalo nas partes do subcontinente indiano, o que precisa ser confirmado e levado adiante em conjunto com mapeamento geológico de alta resolução, geofísica seguida de perfuração para confirmação de kimberlito/ocorrência de lamproite
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