BackgroundGiven the importance of anxiety and quality of life for the mental health of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D), exercise prescription can be of crucial significance. The present study aims to explore the effect of concurrent resistance-aerobic training on serum cortisol level, anxiety, and quality of life among pediatric T1D.MethodsForty children (aged 8–14 years) were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 20) and control groups (n = 20) for 16 weeks. The exercise training program was composed of 16 weeks of interval concurrent resistance-aerobic training with a duration of 60 min performed three times a week. The subjects first performed the resistance training (20 min of Pilates exercises and 20 min of body weight-bearing exercises). Then, the aerobic exercises were performed with an intensity of 50–75% of maximum heart rate. Before and after the training, blood tests including cortisol were carried out on the subjects by RIA kit. Anxiety and quality of life were measured by the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) and Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL), respectively. Body composition was measured by InBody. Data were analyzed by paired and independent t-test at p < 0.05 significance level.ResultsSixteen weeks of concurrent resistance-aerobic exercise significantly reduced the anxiety index (p = 0.001) and increased the quality of life (p = 0.003). Although the cortisol index was increased, it did not reveal any significant differences between the experimental and control groups (p = 0.781). No significant differences were observed in the indices of quality of life, anxiety, and cortisol in the control group.ConclusionsA 16-week program of concurrent resistance-aerobic training can improve the quality of life and anxiety among children suffering from T1D, but it may not influence the cortisol level (p > 0.05).

BackgroundThe use of exercise along with green tea supplements has been shown to have beneficial effects on obesity and its complications.ObjectivesThis study aimed at exploring the effect of aerobic training (AT) and green tea (GT) supplementation on body composition, blood lipids, blood glucose, and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese females.MethodsThirty-nine healthy non-athlete overweight and obese females with an average age of 28.11 ± 6.50 years were sampled and randomly assigned to control (n = 13), AT (n = 13), and AT + GT (n = 13). Participants of the latter group received 33 mg of green tea after each main meal every day, and in addition, they were subjected to AT for eight weeks, including three 90-minute training sessions that were progressive, reaching 80% of the target heart rate (THR). Blood samples were taken from participants one week before the initiation of the study and 48 hours after the last training session.ResultsCompared to the control group, body weight, body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, blood pressure, and heart rate (HR) significantly decreased in the groups treated with AT and AT + GT (P < 0.05). However, no significant changes occurred in FBS, HDL, TC, and WHR (P > 0.05).ConclusionsAT was effective in modifying cardiovascular risk factors, e.g. hypertension, heart rate (HR), triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). However, GT addition was not effective. Considering Iranians’ high tendency towards the consumption of plant materials, this finding needs further investigation.

Background:Sleep is considered as one of the most important factors, directly influencing mental and physical health components. In the last decade, low sleep quality - i.e. poor sleep - has become one of the major problems of the individuals, especially in middle-aged women. Low quality sleep also directly influences memory, functional components, nutrition, and mood.Objectives:This study aims to detect the effect of selected aerobic exercises on sleep quality in non-athlete middle-aged women.Materials and Methods:Fifteen non-athlete middle-aged women participated in this study, all of them suffered from insomnia. Pittsburgh questionnaire was used for determining sleep quality in this sample. Four indices including sleep duration, sleep disturbance, sleep latency, and sleep efficiency have been investigated through this. The period of exercises included eight weeks, three one-hour sessions each week. The sample group was trained during eight weeks through performance of selected aerobic exercises including three groups: sequential movements equip mental movement and movements on the pad. The selected protocol included performance of exercises: 10 minutes for warm up, 10 minutes for sequential movements, 20 minutes for movements by using equipment, 15 minutes for movements performed on the pad, and 5 minutes for cooling down. The exercises during the first four weeks have been presented with 60% increase of the heart rate, and 75% increase during the second four weeks. The sample group was provided with Pittsburgh questionnaire at the beginning of the exercises and the end of each week. The information of each person was registered.Results:The results showed that the mean of sleep duration, sleep disturbance, sleep latency, and sleep efficiency indices significantly reduced 32%, 22%, 30%, 14% and 36%, respectively. The results also showed that the trend of changes in sleep duration, sleep disturbance, sleep latency, and sleep efficiency indices had significant descending trend.Conclusions:We concluded that eight weeks of aerobic exercises can significantly increase sleep quality in middle-aged women.

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