Aims: The aim of this study is to analyze the pattern of semen abnormality in male partner of infertile couple in Nepal. Methods: A retrospective study of semen sample of male partner of infertile couple analyzed in Department of pathology, Dhulikhel Hospital from January 2014 to December 2018. All semen samples were processed and analyzed according to methods and standards outlined by World Health Organization laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen 2010. Results: A total of 520 semen samples were analyzed. Our study shows 221 (44%) abnormal for different semen parameters and asthenozoospermia (39.3%) is the most common abnormality followed by azoospermia (28.8 %), Oligoasthenozoospermia (17.9 %), Oligozoospermia (8.7 %), Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (3.5 %) and teratozoospermia (1.8 %). Conclusions: Abnormal semen parameters remain significant causes in overall infertility in our set up with asthenozoospermia and azoospermia were common abnormalities in male partner. Semen analysis is an inevitable tool for evaluation of infertility in male partner. Further study is required to find out the possible etiologies of male infertility for holistic management of infertility.

Background and Objectives: Blood transfusion is a life-saving procedure and the selection of healthy blood donors is essential steps for safe blood transfusion. Proper selection of blood donors is needed for the safety of both blood donors and recipients. The aim of this study was to assess the demographic profile of blood donors and determine the frequency and reason of donor deferral in a university hospital of Nepal. Methods: This hospital-based retrospective study was carried out in the Blood Bank Unit of the tertiary care center of Nepal. Data were collected from the record book maintained in the blood bank from January 2016 to December 2020. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 for descriptive analysis. Results: A total of 3697 individuals came for blood donation during the study period; among them, 2802 (75.8%) were male and 895 (24.2%) were female. Total number of voluntary donation were 2175 (58.8%), while 1522 (41.2%) were family/replacement donation. Among all donors, 351 (9.5%) donors were deferred for different reasons. The most common cause of donor deferral was hypertension (15.0%), followed by medication (14.0%), while anemia (32.8%) was the leading cause of deferral in female donors. Out of total deferral cases, 92.6% of donors were temporary deferral, while 7.4% were deferred permanently. Conclusion: Most deferrals were temporarily due to hypertension, medication, and anemia. Awareness about these causes of deferral can increases the donor pool.

Platelet satellitism is uncommon phenomenon characterized by formation of platelet rosette around polymorphonuclear leucocytes in blood smear prepared from Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid anticoagulated blood. This phenomenon may cause reporting of spurious thrombocytopenia unless proper examination of blood smears. Here we describe a case of platelet satellitism in a 29 year old female which has been incidentally found on evaluation of eosinophilia in a bronchial asthma patient.