Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) based on high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer (EPDM), and ground tire rubber (GTR) were dynamically vulcanized with dicumyl peroxide (DCP). The polymer blend was composed of 40% HDPE, 30% EPDM, and 30% GTR, and the concentration of DCP was varied from 0.3 to 3.6 parts per hundred rubber (phr). The properties of the TPVs were determined by evaluation of the gel fraction content and the mechanical properties. In addition, IR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry analysis were performed as a function of the DCP content. Decreases in the Young's modulus of the blends and the crystallinity of HDPE were observed when the content of DCP was greater than 1.8 phr. The results regarding the gel content indicate that the presence of DCP promoted the crosslinking of the thermoplastic matrix, and optimal properties were obtained with 1.5% DCP. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 39901.

In this research, six neonicotinoid analogs derived from l-proline were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as insecticides against Xyleborus affinis. Most of the target compounds showed good to excellent insecticidal activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report dealing with the use of enantiopure l-proline to get neonicotinoids. These results highlighted the compound 9 as an excellent candidate used as the lead chiral insecticide for future development. Additionally, molecular docking with the receptor and compound 9 was carried out to gain insight into its high activity when compared to dinotefuran. Finally, the neurotoxic evaluation of compound 9 showed lower toxicity than the classic neonicotinoid dinotefuran.

In situ anionic homo-and copolymerization of caprolactam (CL) and laurolactam (LL) with sodium montmorillonite clay (NaMMT) was carried out using two different initiators, sodium caprolactamate (CLNa) and caprolactam magnesium bromide (CLMgBr). Degree of conversion and final molecular weight were used to assess the advancement and efficiency of the polymerization reaction and X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy were used to evaluate the sodium montmorillonite clay intercalation/exfoliation. The use of CLNa as initiator produced a higher conversion degree and molecular weight than the use of CLMgBr. Through DSC, it was observed that CLNa and CLMgBr tended to produce random and block copolymer structures, respectively, and either random or block, this eventually has an effect on the clay dispersion within the polymer matrix. In all cases, increasing the LL content produced a decrease in the conversion degree and in the molecular weight of the resulting polymer.

La síntesis de nanopartículas de dióxido de titanio (NPsTiO2) mediante extractos de plantas presenta un enfoque hacia la química verde, por esta razón que se pretende sintetizar NPsTiO2 a partir del extracto ricinus communis L. Primeramente se obtuvo el extracto acuoso, agregando a las hojas trituradas de ricinus communis L. 300 mL de agua y se mantuvo en agitación constante. Posteriormente para la síntesis al extracto se le adicionó TiCI4 y NH4OH gota a gota. Se variaron condiciones de reacción como temperatura (25-100 ℃) y tiempo de reacción (5-120 h). Finalmente, las muestras fueron filtradas, lavadas y calcinadas. Las muestras fueron analizadas mediante HPLC-MS, donde se observó la presencia de las familias de catequinas, flavonoles e hidroxicumarinas, también compuestos químicos como escopoletina, 4-O-glucósido de ácido gálico, los cuales presentan grupos -OH en sus estructuras. Mediante FTIR se observó la presencia de grupos -OH provenientes del extracto. Los FTIR de las nanopartículas presentan bandas del grupo -OH demostrando que los grupos hidroxilos pueden contribuir a la mejora de la actividad fotocatalítica. Se demostró la obtención del TiO2 con fase anatasa mediante DRX.

BACKGROUND:The amino acids Rand S-proline were used to synthesize novel neonicotinoid derivatives that, after being characterized by 1 H, DEPTQ 135, and HRMS-QTOF, were evaluated for use as insecticides against Galleria mellonella (caterpillar), Sitophilus zeamais, Xylosandrus morigerus, Xyleborus affinis, and Xyleborus ferrugineus.RESULTS: Comparisons of biological activity and absolute configuration showed that the R enantiomer had excellent and outstanding insecticidal activity against the insects tested, with up to 100% mortality after 12 h compared with dinotefuran at the same concentration. CONCLUSIONS:The results suggest that compound R6 is an excellent lead enantiopure insecticide for future development in the field of crop protection. Furthermore, intermolecular interactions between nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and the R enantiomer displays a lower score which mean a higher affinity to the nAChR receptor and the π-π interactions are more stable than the S derivative.