Objective: To detect the chlamydial antibodies in women with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and infertility. Method: This study was carried out on 72 patients suffering from pelvic inflammatory disease and/ or infertility who were admitted in the indoor wards and those attending the out patient department. Control group comprised of relatives of patients, nursing staff and other staff of the hospital who did not have any present or past history of PID or infertility. Result: IgG and IgA antibodies were detectable in 50% cases of PID while IgG alone were detectable in 75 % cases of PID. Compared with the control group, the differences was statistically significant (p value < 0.001). Statistically significant (p<0.001) chlamydial IgG antibodies among the infertile subjects with fallopian tube disorders was found compared to the infertile subjects with normal tubes. IgG antibodies Chlamydia were positive in 1:64 dilution in 75% cases of PID and IgA antibodies Chlamydia were positive in 1:16 dilution in 50% cases of PID. Assay for IgG in infertile women, 10 % cases were positive at 1:128 dilution. Ten (33.33%) cases of infertility were positive for IgA antibodies (1:16dilution). Results are statistically significant as compared to control group (p value <0.001). Conclusion: It appears that testing for IgG antibodies at a serum dilution of 1:64 and for IgA antibodies at a dilution of 1:16 by the IPA test comprises the best combination for the differentiation between the PID patients and apparently healthy controls, and it is suggested that this be used as a marker of active C. trachomatis infection.

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Introduction: Placenta Previa is characterised by Placental implantation into the lower uterine segment covering whole or part of the cervix . It complicates 0.4% of pregnancy at term The average incidence is 0.3% or 1 case per 300 to 400 deliveries. The presence of placenta previa can also increase a woman's risk for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). This spectrum of conditions includes placenta accreta, increta, and percreta. Uncontrolled postpartum hemorrhage from placenta previa or PAS may necessitate a blood transfusion, hysterectomy thus leaving the patient infertile, admission to the ICU, or even death. Material and method: Study was conducted in department of obstetrics & gynecology , swaroop rani hospital, Allahabad for 1 year . A total of 102 pregnant women presenting to antenatal OPD or admitted in IPD with history of antepartum hemorrhage and conrmed case of PP or MAP in Ultrasonography were selected. The follow up till the fetomaternal outcome was done and risk factors were evaluated for 102 cases. Result: Out of the total 2342 deliveries in one year 95 patients had PP and the incidence was 4.04% and 7 patients had morbidily adherent Placenta which accounts to an incidence of 0.29%. Previous LSCS, Multiparity, increase maternal age, Dialatation and curettage were risk factors in both Placenta Previa and Morbidily Adherent Placenta. Antenatal complication were antepartum hemmorrhage , Anemia, preterm labor. Emergency LSCS is more common mode of delivery in cases of Placenta previa. Caesarean hysterectomy were done in 3.2% cases of Placenta Previa and all cases of Morbidily adherent placenta . Most common perinatal complications in both groups were prematurity and low birth weight. Conclusion: Now a days Placenta previa and Morbidily adherent placenta are very common. Incidence increases as the rate of cesaerean section or abdominal surgery were increases.Earlydiagnosis and pre plan mode of delivery will decrease the risk of prematurity and low birth weight.

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