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Contents vii 2.7.6 Application of Power Spectral Densities to Vehicle Dynamics ...166 2.7.7 Response of a Single-Degree-of-Freedom System to Random Inputs 2.7.8 Response of Multiple-Degrees-of-Freedom Systems to Random Inputs 170 2.8 Summary 174 2.9 References... 174 Chapter 3 Tire Dynamics 177 3.1 6.3.3 Ratio of Radius of Turn 6.4 Dynamic Characteristics of Handling ..

To study the dynamic interactions hetween the rai1:vay aehicle and track, a Jinite element model of infinitely long track is deiieloped. The track is represented by a Timoshenko beam on discretz pad-tie-ballast supports. The non-linear factors such as loss of wheel-rail contact, rail lift-nfl from the tie and tie lift-of from ?he ballast are taken into account. A multi-point wheel-rail contact model is also proposed. The dynamicforces on the track and the strains on the rail are directly calculatedjrom the model. The vehicle could trawl on the track forever with an arbitrary time-dependent speed. The steady-stute response of a tiehicle-track system for a perjiect wheel carrying a constant load and traaelling at a constant speed nuer a track with no irregularities is studied using thefinite element model and is presented. The impact loads due to whee1,flats are also studied with this model. The results show a good correlation with the experimental data available in the literature. lnjuences of sysiem parameters on the impact loads due to u whee1,flat are also investigated. T' 1 wesults show that the ax!e load and uehicle speed are the important factors ufecting the whee/-rail impact loads. The impact forces transferredfiom the rail to the tic. are strongly aficcted by the pad stiffness and tie mass.

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