The aim of this work was to characterize the major and minor compounds of laboratory-extracted and commercial oils from sweet almond, hazelnut, and pecan nut. Oils from sweet almond, hazelnut, and pecan nut were obtained by means of an expeller system, while the corresponding commercial oils were provided from VitalÂtman (BR). The contents of triacylglycerols, fatty acids, aliphatic and terpenic alcohols, desmethyl-, methyl-, and dimethylsterols, squalene, and tocopherols were determined. Oleic, palmitic, and linoleic acids were the main fatty acids. Desmethylsterols were the principal minor compounds with -sitosterol being the most abundant component. Low amounts of aliphatic and terpenic alcohols were also found. The major tocopherol in hazelnut and sweet almond oils was -tocopherol, whereas -tocopherol prevailed in pecan nut oil. Principal component analysis made it possible for us to differentiate among samples, as well as to distinguish between commercial and laboratory-extracted oils. Heatmap highlighted the main variables featuring each sample. Globally, these results have brought a new approach on nut oil characterization.

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The acidity constants of twofold protonated, antivirally active, acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs), H2(PE)±, where PE2−=9‐[2‐(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]adenine (PMEA2−), 2‐amino‐9‐[2‐(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]purine (PME2AP2−), 2,6‐diamino‐9‐[2‐(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]purine (PMEDAP2−), or 2‐amino‐6‐(dimethylamino)‐9‐[2‐(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]purine (PME(2A6DMAP)2−), as well as the stability constants of the corresponding ternary Cu(Arm)(H;PE)+ and Cu(Arm)(PE) complexes, where Arm=2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy) or 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen), are compared. The constants for the systems containing PE2−=PMEDAP2− and PME(2A6DMAP)2− have been determined now by potentiometric pH titrations in aqueous solution at I=0.1M (NaNO3) and 25°; the corresponding results for the other ANPs were taken from our earlier work. The basicity of the terminal phosphonate group is very similar for all the ANP2− species, whereas the addition of a second amino substituent at the pyrimidine ring of the purine moiety significantly increases the basicity of the N(1) site. Detailed stability‐constant comparisons reveal that, in the monoprotonated ternary Cu(Arm)(H;PE)+ complexes, the proton is at the phosphonate group, that the ether O‐atom of the CH2OCH2P(O)$\rm{{_{2}^{-}}}$(OH) residue participates, next to the P(O)$\rm{{_{2}^{-}}}$(OH) group, to some extent in Cu(Arm)2+ coordination, and that ππ stacking between the aromatic rings of Cu(Arm)2+ and the purine moiety is rather important, especially for the H⋅PMEDAP− and H⋅PME(2A6DMAP)− ligands. There are indications that ternary Cu(Arm)2+‐bridged stacks as well as unbridged (binary) stacks are formed. The ternary Cu(Arm)(PE) complexes are considerably more stable than the corresponding Cu(Arm)(RPO3) species, where RPO$\rm{{_{3}^{2-}}}$ represents a phosph(on)ate ligand with a group R that is unable to participate in any kind of intramolecular interaction within the complexes. The observed stability enhancements are mainly attributed to intramolecular‐stack formation in the Cu(Arm)(PE) complexes and also, to a smaller extent, to the formation of five‐membered chelates involving the ether O‐atom present in the CH2OCH2PO$\rm{{_{3}^{2-}}}$ residue of the PE2− species. The quantitative analysis of the intramolecular equilibria involving three structurally different Cu(Arm)(PE) isomers shows that, e.g., ca. 1.5% of the Cu(phen)(PMEDAP) system exist with Cu(phen)2+ solely coordinated to the phosphonate group, 4.5% as a five‐membered chelate involving the ether O‐atom of the CH2OCH2PO$\rm{{_{3}^{2-}}}$ residue, and 94% with an intramolecular ππ stack between the purine moiety of PMEDAP2− and the aromatic rings of phen. Comparison of the various formation degrees of the species formed reveals that, in the Cu(phen)(PE) complexes, intramolecular‐stack formation is more pronounced than in the Cu(bpy)(PE) species. Within a given Cu(Arm)2+ series the stacking intensity increases in the order PME2AP2−