The purpose of this study was to establish normal reference electrocardiographic (ECG) values for standard limb lead II in Saanen goats. For this, were used 19 healthy adult female Saanen goats. And for reference values for the ECG parameters, were used 95% confidence level. The overall P, Q, R, S and T durations (seconds) were 0.03±0.01, 0.02±0.005, 0.03±0.014, 0.03±0.011, 0.06±0.014 respectively, and the reference values were 0.01-0.04, 0.01-0.02, 0.01-0.06, 0.02-0.04 and 0.04-0.08 respectively. The amplitudes (milivolts) of these waveforms were 0.1±0.031, 0.06±0.023, 0.44±0.312, 0.39±0.434, 0.26±0.164 (T negative) and 0.15±0.071 (T positive), respectively. The reference values were 0.05-0.15, 0.05-0.1, 0.05-1.2, 0.05-1.1 and -0.2-0.7 respectively. The PR and QT interval, the QRS complex and the ST segment durations (seconds) were 0.08±0.018, 0.26±0.03, 0.05±0.008, 0.15±0.041 respectively. The reference values were 0.06-0.12, 0.2-0.32, 0.04-0.07 and 0.11-0.26, respectively. It was possible to observe differences in ECG of Saanen goats regarding the amplitude and duration of the constituents when compared to the results of other breeds. Therefore it is necessary to conduct further studies to allow comparisons, detect and diagnose cardiac arrhythmias and help the development of therapies.

Para avaliar as proteínas do soro lácteo durante a lactação, o soro obtido a partir de 48 amostras de leite coletadas de 12 vacas da raça Jersey antes da ordenha foi estudado. Os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos: terço inicial (30-120 dias de lactação), terço médio (121-210 dias de lactação) e terço final da lactação (mais de 211 dias de lactação). O proteinograma consistiu da concentração de proteína total do soro lácteo, determinado pelo método de biureto e da eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida (SDS-PAGE). A diminuição gradual e significativa de algumas frações do soro de leite foi observada durante a lactação, albumina, lactoferrina, imunoglobulinas, β-lactoglobulina e α-lactoalbumina. Os valores de normalidade obtidos para as proteínas do soro do leite de vacas Jersey foram: proteína total do soro de leite 569,0-713,0mg/dL, lactoferrina 36,0-49,0mg/dL, albumina 24,0-34.0mg/dL, cadeia pesada de imunoglobulina 38,0-51,0 mg/dL; cadeia leve de imunoglobulina 59,0-95,0mg/dL, β-lactoglobulina 207,0-256,0mg/dL, α-lactoalbumina 117,0-157,0mg/dL, proteína com 226 KDa 5,80-12.0mg/dL, e proteína com 118 kDa 2,30-6.80mg/dL.

The bovine whey consists of more than 200 different types of proteins, of which β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, serum albumin, immunoglobulins and lactoferrin predominate. However, their concentrations are not stable due to the existence of protein dynamics during a transition from colostrum secretion to mature milk. To evaluate the dynamics of whey proteins of Jersey cows during a colostral phase and first month of lactation and an influence of the number of lactations, 268 milk samples from 135 Jersey cows were selected through a clinical evaluation. Whey was obtained by rennet coagulation of the mammary secretion. The concentration of total proteins was determined by the biuret method and their fractions were identified by 12% dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (12% SDS-PAGE). Maximum concentrations of all protein fractions were observed in the first 12 h of lactation, reducing over the course of the study. Modification of the protein predominance was also observed. The transition from colostrum secretion to milk occurred between 24 and 72 h postpartum. There was an influence of the number of lactations on the dynamics of whey proteins, indicating that multiparous cows had better immunological and nutritional quality when compared to primiparous cows.

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