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BACKGROUND Head and neck lesions are very commonly encountered superficial lump in cytopathology department and swellings in this region rarely go unnoticed. FNAC (fine needle aspiration cytology) is of great value in early diagnosis and differentiation of large number of infective, benign and malignant lesions in head and neck region. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To study the spectrum of various head and neck lesions on the basis of FNAC in a tertiary care hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study was done from outpatient as well as in-patient department with palpable head and neck swellings referred to dept. of pathology, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College and Hospital, Barpeta, Assam. A total no of 933 cases were selected during a period of April 2011 to April 2015. The FNAC spectrum of various head and neck lesions are studied. RESULTS Out of 933 cases, 489 (52.4%) were male and 444 (47.5%) were female. Maximum number of patients were in the age group of 11 to 20 years (19.9%). 869 cases show satisfactory smears. In satisfactory smears of FNAC, involvement of lymph node is most common 53.8%, followed by soft tissue and miscellaneous lesions comprising 22.1%, thyroidal lesions 16.9% and salivary gland lesions 7.1%. CONCLUSION Our study found that FNAC can be recommended as a first line of investigation in the diagnosis of head and neck lesions.

Background: Leukemia, the malignant proliferation of hematopoietic cells, accounts for a major portion of cancer globally. Types of leukemia are necessary for effective therapy as prognosis, and survival rates are different for each type of leukemia. The objective of the study was to know the relative incidence of leukemia in Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Assam. This study also aims to know the clinical manifestations of leukemia and their hematological correlation.Methods: It was a retrospective study of 60 patients carried out in the Department of Pathology in SMCH, Assam, over a period of 2 years from April 2019 to March 2021. Diagnosis was based on peripheral blood count, peripheral blood smear and bone marrow examination for morphology, along with cytochemistry study whenever required.Results: In this study, acute leukemia was more prevalent than chronic leukemia. The most common form was CML followed by AML, ALL and then CLL. Male predominance was observed in this study with male: female ratio = 1.7:1. Conclusions: In our study, Acute leukemia was more prevalent than chronic leukemia. Leukemia affected male more than female. In this study, the frequency of AML is more than that of ALL but number of cases of CML exceeds that of AML.

BACKGROUND Cancer can cause activation of coagulation in many ways and there is definite evidence of abnormalities in haemostatic mechanism which is seen by the presence of one or more circulating markers of haemostatic activation & this is found to be potentiated by the release of tissue factors or procoagulants from normal tissue destructions during tumour development.