Objective: To determine the clinical presentation and histopathological evaluation of patients undergoing thyroidectomies at tertiary care Hospital. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was done at department of general surgery of LUMHS/Jamshoro. Duration of the study was 1 year from October 2017 to September 2018. All the cases with a diagnosis of thyroid disorder and underwent thyroidectomy were selected and above 25 years of the age were included. All the surgeries were carried out by senior surgeons along with the cooperation of the ENT surgeons. After surgeries specimens of all the cases were sent to the diagnostic laboratory for the histological assessment. Data was collected via self-made proforma. Results: Of 58 patients majority i.e. 43.10% were found with age group of 35-44 years. Females found in the majority 63.80%. The swelling was noted among all of the cases, followed by pain, difficulty in swallowing, difficulty in breathing and others 8.62%, 10.34%, 20.68% and 25.68% respectively. Adenomatous goiter was the most common histopathological finding in 82.75% cases, papillary carcinoma was found 8.62%, follicular carcinoma was only in one case and anaplastic carcinoma was also in 1 case. Conclusion: Swelling, difficulty in swallowing and difficulty in breathing were the most common clinical features. Adenomatous goiter was the most common histological finding and papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignancy.

Objective: To determine the frequency of carcinoma of Gall Bladder in Hospitalized patients undergoing surgeries for cholelithiasis at tertiary care Hospital. Study Setting: General surgery department of Muhammad Medical College Mirpurkhas. Study Design: Descriptive.  Study Duration: From 2018 to 2019. Methodology: All the patients of cholelithiasis diagnosed via trans-abdominal ultrasound, those who underwent cholecystectomies and either of gender were included. After surgeries, specimens immediately were sent to the Hospital diagnostic laboratory to evaluate the gall bladder carcinoma. The information obtained was noted on a pre-designed proforma. Results: A total 200 patient of gall bladder stone disease were observed who underwent cholecystectomies. Average age was 53.8+5.62 years and male to female ratio was 1:2.5.  Incidence of carcinoma of gall bladder was 4%, which was significantly associated to gall bladder mass, chronic calculus cholecystitis and porcelain gall bladder (p=0.001).  Conclusion: The incidence of the gall bladder cancer in the study population was 4% and its relationship with gall bladder diseases (chronic cholecystitis and porcelain) was found to be significant.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of complications in parotid surgery at tertiary care hospital Hyderabad. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Liaquat University, Hyderabad in the Department of General Surgery. Period: August 2016 to December 2017. Methods: We performed retrospective analysis of 43 patients undergoing parotidectomy. All patients undergoing parotidectomy during this time period were followed up for any post-operative complications. Results: A total of 43 patients met or criteria and were reviewed for the study. Amongst them there 31 males and 12 females. 79% of patients had benign parotid tumor while 20.9% had malignant lesion of parotid.  Out of 43 patients, 41.8% (n=18) patients presented with post-operative complications. The most common complication after parotidectomy was facial palsy. Facial palsy was found in 18.6% (n=8) patients. Upon follow-up and treatment, 5 patients improved whereas patients had permanent facial palsy. Conclusion: Most of the lesions of parotid are of benign aetiology, superficial lobe is most commonly involved. Few complications are involved with parotidectomies and facial nerve palsy is the most common complications. With surgical expertise and use of nerve detector, its incidence can be reduced. Other complications of the surgery should be managed at the earliest to prevent damage.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of needle aspiration and chest tube drainage in the management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax Subject and Methods: A Total of 58 patients of primary spontaneous pneumothorax PSP were divided into two groups as per management modality. Group A was treated with needle aspiration NA and group B was managed with chest tube drainage CTD. Frequency of gender and current smoker was noted. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for age and body mass index BMI. Clinical characteristics like hospitalization days, immediate and 1 week success rate and recurrence was noted on proforma. Frequency of minor postoperative complication was observed for both groups. Results: The majority of patients were males in both groups. Mean age of patients was 47.29 ± 5.68 for NA group and 49.28 ± 6.25 for CTD group. Immediate and 1 week success rate was 17 (58.6%) 27 (93.1%) for NA group, while in CTD group it was 22 (75.86%) and 28 (96.5%) respectively. Mean hospitalization time for NA group was 1.42±0.38, and for CTD it was 4.62±1.12. 1 year recurrence rate was higher in NA group than the CTD group. Conclusion: Considering its advantages, NA was recommended as first line management in the patients of PSP. Keywords: Needle Aspiration, Chest Tube Drainage, Primary, Spontaneous Pneumothorax, Hospitalization, Success, Recurrence.

Objective: To compare the postoperative complications of complete versus partial excision of the sublingual gland (SLG) in the management of plunging ranula. Subject and Methods: A total of 24 patients were equally divided into two groups; Group A was treated with partial excision, while Group B was treated with Complete excision. . CT and MRI were used to diagnose the lesions. Postoperatively, complications like pain, hematoma, and temporary numbness of tongue, dysgeusia, dysphgia and recurrence were recorded. Results: In both groups, males were in majority as compared to females. 10 males and 2 females, 9 males and 3 females were reported in Group A and B respectively. Mean age of patients in group A was 22.34±3.61, while in group B it was 21.25±3.55. Nearby 25% recurrence rate was found in patients treated with partial excision of SLG, while none of the patient reported with recurrence in complete excision group. Conclusion: Complete excision of sublingual gland was found superior management modality as compared with partial excision in terms of postoperative recurrence.