In recent years, magnetism has gained an enormous amount of interest among researchers for actuating different sizes and types of bio/soft robots, which can be via an electromagnetic‐coil system, or a system of moving permanent magnets. Different actuation strategies are used in robots with magnetic actuation having a number of advantages in possible realization of microscale robots such as bioinspired microrobots, tetherless microrobots, cellular microrobots, or even normal size soft robots such as electromagnetic soft robots and medical robots. This review provides a summary of recent research in magnetically actuated bio/soft robots, discussing fabrication processes and actuation methods together with relevant applications in biomedical area and discusses future prospects of this way of actuation for possible improvements in performance of different types of bio/soft robots.

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A weak position and possibly leads to make a defected material and production. Localized strain concentration is becoming very important in the area of quality assurance. Recently, there are many research that researcher proposed using Computer-Aided-Engineering (CAE) tools to reduce the number of prototype builds and to speed up the development cycle. In this paper, there are some literature about researches that conducted in this field. The capabilities as well as the limitations for industrial applications are investigated. An application of this method is demonstrated on a stamping die to validate a FEM results. Full-field methods of strain measurements are very broad and many number of these techniques are using and can be widely categorized to two groups as Geometrical methods and Interferometric methods.

it is developed a machine learning framework to study the effect of eight input variables on two output variables, namely heating load (HL) and cooling load (CL), of residential buildings.

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