This study aimed to determine the effect of fermented kelor leaves (Moringa oleifera) flour as additive in animal feed to increase the weight of boiler carcass. The samples used were 28 DOC strain Cobb CP-707 aged 1 day. This study was conducted using one way pattern complete randomized design with 4 treatments and 7 replications. Control group (P0) was fed with commercial feed; P1 was given 5% fermented kelor leaves flour;  P2 was given 7,5% fermented kelor leaves flour; and P3 was given 10% concentration of fermented kelor leaves flour. Feed replacement was conducted on 08.00 am and 5.00 pm everyday, and water was given ad libitum. Chemical content of flour before and after fermented was analyzed at Research Centre of Biotechnology and Biological Resources, IPB. Body weight measurement was carried out at Veterinary Public Health Laboratorium. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with SPSS 16.0. Mean value (±SD) of carcass weight for P0, P1, P2, and P3 were 938,71±180,83, 1011,86±101,64, 1010,71±126,69, and 907,43±190,35, respectively. This study showed that adddition of fermented kelor leaves flour for 21 days did not affect (P0,05) the weight of broilers carcass.

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan starter Lactobacillus plantarum pada konsentrasi 3%, 4% dan 5% dan diinkubasi selama 48 jam pada suhu kamar. Pengamatan terhadap susu fermentasi dilakukan selama 8 hari. Uji antibakteri ini dilakukan untuk melihat apakah susu fermentasi tersebut mampu menekan pertumbuhan patogen enterobakteri. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian aktivitas penghambatan mikroba dari susu fermentasi terhadap bakteri patogen dengan tiga kali ulangan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan susu fermentasi sebagai antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli dan Shigella flexneri terjadi pada jumlah sel sebanyak (10 6 CFU/ml) di dalam nutrient agar. Fermentasi susu menggunakan konsentrasi 5% starter memperlihatkan luas zona hambat tertinggi yaitu 17.42 mm terhadap E. coli pada hari kedua. Sedangkan terhadap Shigella flexneri luas zona penghambatan sebesar 8.88 mm pada hari ketiga dengan konsentrasi starter yang sama. Kata kunci : Susu fermentasi, antibacterial, Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri.ABSTRACT The study was performed using Lactobacillus plantarum as starter at concentrations of 3%, 4% and 5% and incubated for 48 hours at room temperature. Observation of fermented milk conducted for 8 day. The antibacterial activity test was analyzed to find whether fermented milk able to inhibit pathogen growth. The antibacterial ability of suppressing of Enterobacteriaceae growth observed by using Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri (10 6 CFU/ml) in Nutrient Agar and challenge to fermented milk using 3%, 4% and 5% starter or about (50 µl/well). Further testing of microbial inhibitory activity of fermented milk against pathogenic bacteria conducted by three replications. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using ANOVA. The results showed that the ability of fermented milk as antibacterial on Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri occurred in the amount of sell as much as (10 6 CFU / ml) when it grown in nutrient agar. As a conclusion, fermented milk using a 5% starter showed that the highest inhibition zone of 17.42 mm to E. coli on the second day observation. While inhibition zone of Shigella flexnerii was 8.88 mm on the third day with the same starter concentration.

This study was aimed to identify possible critical points of Escherichia coli (E. coli ) O157:H7, a pathogenic agent, contamination in aceh cattle breeding centre. For this purpose, samples were collected from cattle faeces, hand of workers (animal keepers), and water sources in the farm using cross-sectional approach. A number of 85 samples of cattle faecal swab were collected randomly from the animals in the breeding centre. The samples of swab of hand of all workers (15 persons) were collected before and after work. Then, the water sources from 11 cattle house locations in the breeding centre were collected. The water sources were divided into three different locations, namely the water containers, taps, and water puddle on the floors. At each source a number of 11 samples were collected. Isolation of E. coli was conducted on Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA), followed by identification on Sorbitol MacConkey Agar (SMAC). Then Molecular subtyping of E. coli O157:H7 genes was conducted using multiplex-PCR analysis. Data were analysed descriptively. The results of this study showed that 72 samples (85 %) among 85 samples were positive for E. coli and the rest of samples were positive for other types of bacteria. Sample isolation from swabs of hand was found 3 positive E. coli before work and 1 positive E. coli after work from 15 workers. The most potential water sources for E. coli contamination were the water in taps, and water puddle on the floor of cattle houses. Then, two of samples of E. coli isolated from rectal swab were confirmed as E. coli O157:H7 using PCR test, based on the presence of stx2 gene. In conclusion, the risk of presence of E. coli as zoonotic agents of E. coli O157:H7 in aceh cattle as well as from the farm workers and surrounding area are high. An appropriate control strategy is needed to apply in the aceh cattle farm to prevent from E. coli O157:H7 outbreak in the future.

Hard coral Porites lutea is an animal that lives on the ocean floor. This species may live for years and accumulate heavy metals from its surrounding environments. The aims of this study was to know accumulation of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Cu) pollution by Porites lutea at different islands in Spermonde Archipelago waters. This study used field surveys around Laelae, Bonebatang and Badi Islands of South Sulawesi. Field parameters measured were oceanographic parameters, metals in water and sediment. Hard coral was extracted using nitric acid, then measured its heavy metal levels using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Several field parameters such as temperature, salinity, turbidity, pH and dissolved oxygen indicated no differences at each location, whereas the difference was observed in the values of Total Suspended Solid and dissolved oxygen. The results showed the accumulation of heavy metals in the skeleton of Porites lutea was Pb>Cu>Cd and Laelae>Bonebatang>Badi Island.

Yeast and lactic acid bacteria are often used as probiotics. This study aimed to determine the effect of giving yeast and LAB probiotic using fruit waste as a microbial medium on the productivity of tiger shrimp postlarvae (Panaeus monodon). As many as 120 tiger shrimp post-larvae were acclimatized for 2 days. The tiger shrimps post-larvae were divided into 4 treatments; a control group tiger shrimp post larvae without given yeast and LAB probiotic (P0); treatment 1 (P1); treatment 2 (P2) and treatment 3 (P3) in sequence shrimp post larvae given 25 ml; 50 ml; and 75 ml yeast and LAB probiotic/15 L of water. Yeast and LAB probiotic was given in shrimps post-larvae live media for 3 weeks(once per week). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) following the Duncan test. The results of this study showed that yeast and LAB probiotic at a dose 25ml/15 L of water can increase the growth of tiger shrimp post-larvae, reduce the amount of Vibrio sp. and maintain the quality of tiger shrimp post larvae environment.