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The use of coagulation and flocculation for tertiary treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent was investigated, where the evaluation was based on the removal of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and BOD from post-coagulated wastewater. The study was undertaken on laboratory scale aerobic stabilisation basins (ASB). Two post coagulated (alum) wastewaters were studied, where the BOD:N:P ratios were 100:1.3:0.06 and 100:1.3:0.3. These wastewaters were treated in two identical concurrent simulations (A & B). The influent ratio for 'A' was selected representing the composition of actual coagulated Pinus radiata sulfite pulp effluent mixed with paper mill effluent. The input composition for 'B' represented a typical P concentration found in existing pulp and paper mill effluents. Unmodified sludge collected from a mill-pond was added at 4% v/v to each simulation replicating the treatment conditions at full-scale. Similar high percentage removals of BOD and COD occurred after 28 days (two HRTs) which were 94 and 67% respectively for 'A', and 98 and 70% respectively for 'B', where both remained at steady state during the third HRT. A statistical analysis of the data revealed that there was no significant difference in the sample variance of the BOD and COD results.

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to provide knowledge and information about the level of disclosure of social responsibility in Islamic banks in the perspective of sharia enterprise theory (SET) in 2017. Research Method - This study is a quantitative study using data on social responsibility reports for the period of 2017 with a sample of 3 Islamic banks in Indonesia, namely BSM, BTN Syariah, and BPRS Bhakti Sumekar. The analytical method used is the content analysis method (Content Analysis). Findings - The findings show that BSM has the highest level of social responsibility disclosure with a score of 31 points (74%) followed by BTN Syariah with a score of 26 points (62%), while BPRS Bakti Sumekar gets a score of 19 points (45%). Implication - The implications of this research can provide input for regulations to further encourage banks to carry out CSR activities as a form of awareness and corporate social responsibility to the community.

This study aims to determine 1) the effect of teacher certification on improving teacher performance 2) the effect of work motivation on improving teacher performance, 3). the effect of work discipline on improving teacher performance, and 4) the simultaneous influence of teacher certification factors, work motivation and work discipline on improving the performance of elementary school teachers at the Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) of the Jeunieb District Education Office, Bireuen Regency. The research was conducted by means of a survey through a questionnaire in data collection, and the method of analysis used a structural model of path analysis. The results obtained that 1). There is a positive and significant influence of the teacher certification factor on the performance of elementary school teachers in the UPT Department of Education, Jeunieb District, Bireuen Regency, which is 13.90%. 2). The results of parametric statistical tests through the path model prove that there is a significant influence of work motivation factors on teacher performance, both directly and indirectly by 20.95%. 3). And also the results of statistical tests prove that there is a significant influence of the work discipline factor on the performance of elementary school teachers in the UPT Department of Education, Jeunieb District, Bireuen Regency, which is calculated from this study which is quite significant, namely 25.11%. 4). The results of the statistical measure of the correlation coefficient and determination between the variables of teacher certification, work motivation and work discipline on teacher performance stated that there was a significant effect. The contribution of these three factors is 59.9%. While the rest due to the role of variables that are not examined by 40.1%. These factors, including organizational climate, compensation, communication, the existence of education and training, Sapras, and others