In the last few years, wood pellet demand has increased globally for residential purposes. In term of standard quality, wood pellet for residential purposes are tighter than industrial purposes. The wood pellet quality parameters are moisture changes in biomass, impacts on bulk density, and mechanical durability. This paper analyzes the effect of biomass moisture content (MC) into the quality of wood pellet made from jabon and ketapang sawdust to meet quality standard of ISO 17225-2. The pellet was grouped into three, based on MCs, i.e. <10% (air-dry), 15% and 20%. The sawdust was then pressed at 464.52 kg/cm 2 , 150°C for 10 minutes. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted by Tukey and Homogenity tests on results. The optimum wood pellet quality was assessed using scoring method. Results showed that wood pellet moisture content significantly increased pellet's durability and density. However, greater moisture content reduces volatile matter, calorific value, sulphur, and nitrogen content of the pellet. Pellets made from jabon and ketapang meet the wood pellet standard's thresholds of ISO 17225-2 for grade A1 and B. Both wood pellets were high in quality and suitable for non-industrial and residential purposes. Based on the scoring, the best wood pellets were made from jabon's sawdust at 20% moisture content and ketapang's sawdust at 15% moisture content. The pellets contained relatively high calorific value, low ash content, sulphur, nitrogen and metals, which meet wood pellet's requirement for residential use with less smoke and combustion residue.

Efektivitas ekstrak kayu ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri) sebagai pengawet alami kayu …. Desi Mustika Amaliyah, dkk Efektivitas ekstrak kayu ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri) sebagai pengawet alami kayu terhadap serangan rayap tanah (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) Ulin wood (Eusideroxylon zwageri) extract effectivity as natural wood preservatives to the attack of termite (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren

Dry wood termites attack is one of the problems that cause huge losses in timber construction. One way to solve this problem is by preserving wood, with synthetic chemicals or natural ingredients. The purpose of this preliminary research was to determine the effect of ironwood powder extract as a natural wood preservative. Preservation methods conducted were cold immersion at normal temperature (± 25°C) and hot immersion at 80°C. Variations in the concentration are 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Variation of immersion time are 1, 2, and 3 days for the cold immersion and 0.5; 1; 2; 3 hours for the hot immersion. Results show that mortality data and the degree of attack of dry wood termites. The results showed that the mortality of the dry wood termites increased 4−6%. However, no difference was found on the degree of attacks between preserved and control wood.

Current issues of energy sector in Indonesia can be summarized as depletion of fossil energy reserves which is dominated by fuel oil and coal. Oil production continues to decline and the increase in oil fuels demand lead to increase imports of crude oil and oil fuels. To use lignocellulosic biomass waste has become a major alternative to replace fossil fuels and chemical feedstocks production. In 2015, total rice production in South Kalimantan reached 2,140,276 ton and rice straws were abundant waste which could be utilized as raw material for bioethanol production. Pretreatment process of lignocellulose is a crucial step to remove lignin because of the complex chemical cross-linking between chemical components. Delignification of lignin can increase the accessibility and digestibility of enzymatic, and help to promote enzymatic hydrolysis. Nowadays, pretreatment process with green chemistry method is continuesly developed by researcher to reduce the production costs and thus avoid adverse effects on human and the environment. This article disscussed about green methods for pretreatment of lignocellulosic material using deep eutectic solvent (DES) to increase second-generation bioethanol production in South Kalimantan.

ABSTRAKCross Laminated Timber (CLT) merupakan sebuah produk kayu berupa papan laminasi yang disusun saling silang satu sama lain dan dapat digunakan untuk berbagai kebutuhan seperti lantai, atap dan dinding. Produk ini sebagai bentuk inovasi dalam mengatasi terbatasnya bahan baku kayu utuh berdiameter besar dan berkualitas sebagai bahan bangunan. Tulisan ini membahas terkait sejarah CLT, proses produksi, karakteristik, dan perkembangannya. CLT pertama kali dikembangkan di Eropa khususnya di Austria dan Jerman kemudian berkembang ke seluruh dunia. CLT mempunyai keunggulan sifat dapat dipakai kembali, mudah didesain dan dibentuk, isolator yang baik, energi efisien, tahan api, tahan gempa, serta sebagai penyimpan karbon sehingga membantu mengurangi dampak emisi rumah kaca secara global. CLT juga mempunyai kekuatan yang dapat dibandingkan dengan baja dan beton, sehingga CLT dapat diterapkan untuk konstruksi bangunan bertingkat tinggi. CLT juga mempunyai keunggulan untuk dilakukan prafabrikasi sebelum pemasangan di area konstruksi sehingga mampu menghemat waktu dan tenaga kerja, meminimalkan sampah konstruksi serta gangguan selama pembangunan. CLT saat ini mulai dikembangkan di luar Eropa seperti di Amerika Utara, Selandia Baru dan Jepang. Kendala adopsi CLT secara umum adalah kurangnya informasi terkait produk yang sampai ke masyarakat, sehingga sosialisasi produk merupakan kunci utama peningkatan kesadaran konsumen terhadap CLT.Kata Kunci : arsitektur, bahan bangunan, cross laminated timber, kayu rekayasa ABSTRACT Cross laminated timber (CLT) is an engineered wood product as a laminated board that was arranged in cross order and applied as floor, roof, and wall. This product is an innovation in overcoming the scarce of wood material especially in large diameter and high quality as a building material. The review discusses the history of CLT, the characteristics, and its developments. CLT was first developed in Europe especially in