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Three-dimensional (3D) microwave and millimeter wave imaging techniques based on the holographic principles have been successfully employed in several applications such as security screening, body shape measurement for the apparel industry, underground imaging, and wall imaging. The previously proposed 3D holographic imaging techniques require the acquisition of wideband data over rectangular or cylindrical apertures. Requirement for wideband data imposes limitations on the hardware (in particular at very high or very low frequencies). It may also lead to errors in the produced images if the media is dispersive (e.g., in biomedical imaging) and not modeled properly in the image reconstruction process. To address these limitations, here, we propose a technique to perform 3D imaging with single frequency data. Instead of collecting data at multiple frequencies, we acquire the backscattered fields with an array of resonant antennas. We demonstrate the possibility of 3D imaging with the proposed setup and perform a comprehensive study of the capabilities and limitations of the technique via simulations. To perform a realistic study, the simulation data is contaminated by noise.

Introduction:Anemia of chronic disease is defined as anemia occurring in chronic infections, inflammatory conditions or neoplastic disorders that are not due to marrow deficiencies or other diseases, and occurring despite presence of adequate iron stores and vitamins. Methods: A total of 40 patients were selected for the study. Participants were divided into two groups viz group A (test group; n=20) with moderate to severe periodontitis and group B (control group; n=20) with periodontally healthy subjects. The patients chosen for the study had at least 30% or more of teeth having greater than or equal to 4 mm probing depth. Clinical parameters like gingival index (GI), Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI), plaque index (PI),probing pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment levels (CAL) were recorded for all the patients and blood parameters (hemoglobin and red blood cell count) were determined from peripheralblood samples. The results were analyzed statistically. Results: The mean values of hemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) count were significantly reduced in test group as compared to control group. Conclusion: A positive relationship was observed between the blood parameters viz. Hb, RBC count, and the severity of the chronic periodontal disease. Like other chronic conditions, periodontitis can tend towards anemia showing their association. Keywords: Anemia, Chronic Periodontitis, Hemoglobin (Hb), Red Blood Cell Count (RBC Count).

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