The current study is an attempt to review the-state-of-art for low-cost portable mechanical ventilators. Over the past few years, many engineers have developed low-cost ventilators, which offer many features of conventional hospital ventilators. Toward the direction of physically realizing an innovative mechanical ventilator, this paper discusses the idea of the design and fabrication of a reusable, low-cost portable mechanical ventilator. The conceptual design is aimed at attaining higher control on the number of operating modes and different parameters like tidal volume, breaths per minute, inspiration-to-expiration ratio, and positive end expiratory pressure. In the current scenario, these ventilators can be used in providing respiratory aid to COVID-19 patients and likewise also be used for similar casualty cases.

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