XX asr ikkinchi yarmida SSSR amalga oshirgan paxta yakkahokimligi quruq va bo‘z yerlarni o’zlashtirilishi va paxtachilikning rivojlantirilishi oqibatida yangi suv tarmoqlari vujudga keltirildi. Bir nechta suv omborlari va kanallar qazildi. Masalan, Katta Farg’ona kanali (1939-yil), Katta Andijon kanali (1965-yil) shular jumlasidandir. Bu suv tarmoqlari ta’minoti uchun Sirdaryo suvlaridan foydalanildi. Natijada XX asr 60-70-yillarida daryo suvi kamayib oxir-oqibatda Orol dengizini suv bilan ta’minlamay qo’ydi. Bu holat Amudaryoda ham kuzatildi, natijada Orol dengizi suv hajmi yildan-yilga kamayib global muammoga aylandi. Mazkur maqolada XX asr ikkinchi yarmida SSSR amalga oshirgan paxta yakkahokimligi quruq va bo‘z yerlar o‘zlashtirilishi oqibatida vujudga kelgan ekologik muommolar haqida so‘z yuritiladi.
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