<p>O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade de insetos em área de policultivo e monocultivo agroecológico de frutíferas no município de Ipanguaçu, Rio Grande do Norte. O levantamento foi realizado na fazenda escola do Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), <em>Campus</em> Ipanguaçu, no período de junho à agosto de 2012, em duas áreas distintas (0,8 ha cada): Área 1 (5°32'14.86"S e 36°52'19.81"W) - Pomar agroecológico (policultivo com goiaba, acerola, graviola, limão, manga e banana) e Área 2 (5°32'1.55"S 36°53'2.21"W) - monocultivo agroecológico de banana. Foram identificadas ao final do levantamento nove ordens na área de policultivo agroecológico de frutíferas: Hymenoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Blattodea, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Odonata e Dermaptera e quatro na área com monocultivo agroecológico de banana: Hymenoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera e Orthoptera. O resultado obtido no presente trabalho indica que, mesmo sob o mesmo sistema de manejo, em áreas cultivadas com mais de uma espécie frutífera ocorre à presença de uma maior diversidade de insetos. </p><p align="center"><strong><em>Primary inventory of entomofauna in polyculture and monoculture fruit trees areas in municipality of Ipanguaçu, RN</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> This study aimed to evaluate the insect diversity in polyculture and monoculture agroecological of fruit trees in municipality of Ipanguaçu, Rio Grande do Norte. The survey was carried out at the experimental farm of the Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte, <em>Campus</em> Ipanguaçu, in period from June to August 2012, in two distinct areas (0.8 ha each): Area 1 (5°32'14.86"S e 36°52'19.81"W) - Agroecological orchard (polyculture with guava, acerola, graviola, lemon, mango and banana) and 2 (5°32'1.55"S 36°53'2.21"W) – Banana’s agroecological monoculture. At the end of the survey, nine orders were identified in area of fruit trees’s agroecological polyculture: Hymenoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Blattodea, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Odonata e Dermaptera e quatro na área com monocultivo agroecológico de banana: Hymenoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera e Orthoptera. The results obtained in the present study indicate that even under the same management system, in areas cultivated with more than one fruit species, the presence of a greater diversity of insects occurs.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
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