Resumo: Este trabalho é parte do estudo sobre as diatomáceas perifíticas presentes no rio das Pedras, Guarapuava, no estado do Paraná, Brasil, e resultou na identifi cação de 35 táxons infragenéricos, distribuídos em 12 gêneros e seis famílias. Foram considerados táxons constantes: Frustulia saxonica Rabenhorst, Gomphonema gracile Ehrenberg e Gomphonema parvulum (Kützing) Kützing. A análise da comunidade diatomológica forneceu informações das condições ecológicas, sendo que a predominância de espécies eutrófi cas revela águas ricas em substâncias nutritivas, indicando que o sistema encontrase alterado devido ao efeito causado por início de degradação de compostos orgânicos lançados no corpo d'água.Palavras-chave: Bacillariophyceae. Diatomáceas. Perifíton. Rio das Pedras.
ResumoA corrosão microbiológica é um dos grandes problemas industriais da atualidade. O objetivo desse trabalho é estudar a infl uência da Thiobacillus Thiooxidans (TT) na corrosão do aço inoxidável 430 em H 2 SO 4 1mol L -1. Nesse trabalho, foram empregadas as técnicas de: medidas gravimétricas, polarização anódica potenciostática (PA) e potenciodinâmica cíclica (PC), espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica (EIE), microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Os resultados gravimétricos mostraram que, em 180 minutos de imersão do aço no meio contendo TT, há a formação de biofi lme, o qual, inicialmente, bloqueia a corrosão do metal. A PA mostrou que o TT atua catalisando a reação de oxidação do aço 430 nesse meio, sendo que resultados semelhantes foram obtidos pela EIE. A aplicação da PC, na região passiva do aço 430, nesse meio, gera a inibição da geração de biofi lmes em sua superfície, resultado este comprovado pela MEV. Palavras-chave:Corrosão microbiológica, biofi lme, aço inoxidável 430. Abstract Microbiological corrosion is a big problem in today's industry. The objective of this study is to understand the infl uence of Thiobacillus Thiooxidans (TT) in the corrosion of 430 stainless steel (SS) in H 2 SO 4 1 mol L -1 . The techniques employed were: measures of mass loss, cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) and potentiostatic anodic polarization (PAP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM
Melatonin was discovered by Lerner and Coworkers in 1958, and is the main product secreted by the pineal gland. It is a phylogenetically highly conserved molecule and one of the oldest biological signaling mechanisms. It presents several biological functions, among them the most studied is the regulation of the sleep cycle and wakefulness. In addition, melatonin acts as an immunomodulatory, antioxidant molecule and has anticarcinogenic potential. It also participates in the regulation of mood and control of seasonal reproduction. Melatonin is a potent free radical scavenger and several of its metabolites have the ability to remove singlet oxygen, superoxide radicals, hydroperoxides, hydroxyl radicals and radical lipid peroxides. It easily penetrates cell membranes by being soluble in aqueous and organic media, playing a key role in cell biology. Although their activities are interesting for therapy, their low availability, short half-life, and rapid metabolism restrict their use. In this sense, nanotechnology is a tool that has been studied for the elaboration of systems that improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of melatonin, in order to potentiate its application in biological models. This review summarizes several studies published in recent years that have shown the most numerous biological activities of melatonin and the improvement of their therapeutic potential through nanotechnology.
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