RESUMOA urbanização desordenada do solo e as ações antrópicas causam impactos negativos em função da degradação da área e qualidade da água, induzindo a poluição do corpo hídrico, já que a procura pelos recursos excede a disponibilidade. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar a paisagem e avaliar a qualidade da água da Bacia do Arroio Moreira/Fragata, determinando os fatores que comprometem a área, pois esta é responsável por parte do abastecimento do município de Pelotas/RS. Os parâmetros físico-químicos (pH, condutividade, turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido, DBO5, cloretos, nitrogênio e fósforo totais) e biológicos (coliformes totais e termotolerantes) foram avaliados durante o período de novembro de 2015 a junho de 2016, em seis pontos distribuídos ao longo dos tributários da bacia. Ao realizar a comparação individual dos valores obtidos com as diretrizes da resolução CONAMA n° 357/2005, para água doce classe 2, verificou-se que a porção sul da bacia é mais crítica para a maioria dos parâmetros. Isto pode estar relacionado ao fato desta região possuir maior percentual de urbanização e concentração de indústrias alimentícias, que contribuem com efluentes doméstico e agroindustrial. ABSTRACTThe disorderly urbanization of the soil and the anthropic actions cause negative impacts due to the degradation of the area and quality of the water, inducing the pollution of the water body, since the demand for the resources exceeds the availability. Thus, the objective of this work is to characterize the landscape and evaluate the water quality of the Stream Moreira/Fragata Basin, determining the factors that compromise the area, since this is responsible for part of the supply of the municipality of Pelotas/RS. The physical-chemical parameters (pH, conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, DBO5, total chlorides, nitrogen and phosphorus) and biological parameters (total and thermotolerant coliforms) were evaluated during the period from November 2015 to June 2016, in six points distributed along the tributaries of the basin. When comparing the values obtained with the guidelines of CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005 for freshwater class 2, it was verified that the southern portion of the basin is more critical for most of the parameters. This may be related to the fact that this region has a higher percentage of urbanization and concentration of food industries, which contribute to domestic and agroindustrial effluents.
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The waste of drinking water in the cooling of the wort in the production of craft beer is a worrying fact, especially in view of the growth potential of this market. In this sense, the objective of this work was the modeling and simulation of the heat transfer involved in this process through a model implemented in Scilab, to determine the best scenario for cooling the wort, which achieves the desired operating conditions and reduces water consumption. treated. From the simulations, the best operational condition was determined, the one that respects the temperature and the ideal time of the process and consists of recycling only the must. However, in this condition there is no reduction in water consumption, but the waste of about 71 liters of water per liter of refrigerated must. Through numerical optimization, it was found as an ideal scenario for time and temperature, the recycling of only the refrigerant fluid using a 500 liter reservoir.
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