The article deals with the optimizing the postal transportation network with two different optimizing methods. The research adopted in this article uses allocation models within graph theory to obtain results for addressed optimization problem. The article presents and compares two types of these models: p-median and uncapacitated fixed charge facility location model. The aim of p-median model is to find the location of P facilities in network, serving all demands in a way ensuring the average transport cost to be minimal. Fixed charge location model approach the issue of facility location based on minimizing the overall costs of implementation of selected variants. The latter this two models are subsequently applied on the postal network to determine the optimal location of postal facilities. These two models are adopted in the condition of large country with area above 300 000 km2. The Italy was chosen as a typical country that fits this condition. The underlying infrastructure of Italy is represented by simplified model of a postal network, abstracted by a graph G = (V, E, c, w). The results can serve as a basis for modification of the used models for the simulation of networks in the postal sector and as a key that compares the opportunities and results of application of these two models in the conditions large countries.

Abstract. The trend of growing parcel numbers with the customer's desire for shorter delivery times as a result of increasing online trade and economic specialization requires an adjustment of transport systems. The share of transportation costs per postal item depends mainly depends on costs for employees and vehicles, in addition are still the costs of processing in the sorting centers. There are only predictions and experiences for the amount of postal item are available for the tour in advance. The difficult planning leads, in addition to the high cost share and the key feature of a high quality of service to a large relevance to the total transportation process. It is presented an analytical model of the transport process. This includes models to forecast the number of postal items, for capacity-oriented planning of tours and a determination of the current vehicle usage and the volume of transported parcels.

New network architectures are required for a flexible service provisioning. These are characterized by the transition from channel-switching to packet-switched networks. The amount of the collected information needs to be provided in these network architectures at the right time at the right place for processing in the control systems and end-systems. The warranty of parameters such as duration and availability within the network architectures is a requirement for the function of the service to be provided. The requirements must be specified for an application to a suitability of the architecture in terms of safety with the required parameters for reliability and specifically to evaluate the high availability.

No abstract