-(Floral biology of Manilkara subsericea and Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Sapotaceae) in restinga). Manilkara subsericea (Mart.) Dubard and Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem. & Schult.) T.D. Penn. display infl orescences of a fasciculate type, with perfect, nectariferous, odoriferous and hercogamous fl owers. They present protogynic dichogamy and daylight anthesis. The corolla is gamopetalous, with the basal region of the lacinia forming a small tube. The medial lacinia, in both species, curves toward the fl ower axis, forming a type of groove, in which the stamen is lodged. The anthers are versatile, extrorse, and rimose. Pollen grain release is cloud-like, on account of an explosive mechanism upon activation of the lacinia-stamen device. The fl owers were visited by bees, butterfl ies, beetles, fl ies and Thysanoptera, being pollinated by Xylocopa ordinaria and Apis mellifera bees, by the Brachygastra lecheguana wasp and by the Isanthrene incendiaria butterfl y.Key words -explosive release of pollen, fl oral biology, Manilkara subsericea, Sapotaceae, Sideroxylon obtusifolium RESUMO -(Biologia fl oral de Manilkara subsericea e de Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Sapotaceae) em restinga). Manilkara subsericea (Mart.) Dubard e Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem. & Schult.) T.D. Penn. apresentam infl orescências fasciculadas, com fl ores perfeitas, nectaríferas, odoríferas e hercogâmicas. Apresentam dicogamia protogínica e antese diurna. A corola é gamopétala, com a região basal dos lacínios formando um pequeno tubo. Os lacínios medianos, em ambas as espécies, curvam-se em direção ao eixo da fl or, formando uma espécie de canaleta, na qual fi ca alojado o estame. As anteras são versáteis, extrorsas e rimosas. A liberação dos grãos de pólen ocorre na forma de nuvem por um mecanismo explosivo proveniente do acionamento do dispositivo lacínio-estame. As fl ores foram visitadas por abelhas, borboletas, besouros, moscas e Thysanoptera, sendo polinizadas pelas abelhas Xylocopa ordinaria e Apis mellifera, pela vespa Brachygastra lecheguana e pela borboleta Isanthrene incendiaria.Palavras-chave -biologia fl oral, liberação explosiva de pólen, Manilkara subsericea, Sapotaceae Sideroxylon obtusifolium 1.Parte da tese de doutorado da primeira autora, Programa de
-(Reproductive phenology of four species of Sapotaceae at the Maricá, RJ sand bar). The purpose of this work was to record the occurrence of phenological events related to the flowering and fructification of Pouteria venosa (Mart.) Baheni, P. psammophila (Mart.) Radlk., Manilkara subsericea (Mart. subsericea floresceu de maio a setembro e S. obtusifolium produziu flores de agosto a novembro. Pouteria psammophila não floresceu no período de estudo. Os frutos são do tipo baga e apresentam sincronia na maturação e liberação de suas sementes, nos meses de fevereiro e março. A floração e a frutificação para as três espécies é anual, com correlação significativa negativa apenas entre a floração e a temperatura. Para S. obtusifolium a correlação foi significativa positiva entre o desenvolvimento dos frutos e os fatores abióticos temperatura e precipitação.)
Pachira aquatica is a Neotropical tree of economic importance for local communities, although little is known about its flower biology especially flower rewards. This study aimed to analyze some aspects of flower biology of this species, focusing on nectar production dynamics We measured nectar production and analyzed the effect of nectar removal and cross-pollination on sugar production and standing crop (the amount of nectar present in a flower exposed to pollination at a given moment). We found that P. aquatica has large, brush-type, perfect flowers, with white colored petals, red stamens and a strong floral scent. Flowers are protandrous and dichogamous. Pollen viability is about 96%. Anthesis is nocturnal and asynchronous. The nectar is relatively abundant (99.8 ± 118.5 μL) and diluted (15.2 ± 4.7% p/p) and its production increases in the morning period. Neither nectar removal nor cross-pollination affected sugar production. Standing crop was not significantly different from the control, indicating that there is probably a low visitation rate. Both flower and nectar production characteristics indicate that this species has the potential to be visited by different flower visitors, especially bats, birds and bees.
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