No abstract

The Brawzilian Psychiatric Reform sought to introduce new perspectives on madness, integrating other meanings about mental health; however, it seems that mad and crazy are used in everyday communications to describe social events and behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the main contents and beliefs that anchor the social representations of madness in a printed newspaper. A Thematic Content Analysis was carried out with 846 articles from the newspaper Folha de São Paulo from the years 1978 and 2018. Seven categories were constructed that anchor the idea of madness: Eccentric, Unpredictable, Intense, Irrational, Violent, Subversive, and Transgressive. The stories reinforce the stigma of madness as something divergent, strange. The construction of an inverse anchoring underlies the representations of madness, demarcating the distance between the “normal” and the “crazy. It was concluded that madness is still understood based on social devaluation and demeaning, leading to exclusionary practices.

Este artigo objetivou analisar as articulações teóricas entre memória histórica e representações sociais. Tomando a perspectiva sociocultural da memória, três aspectos foram problematizados: quais temáticas em memória histórica poderiam ser objetos de representações sociais; o papel da memória histórica nos processos de ancoragem e objetivação; e a relação entre disputas memoriais e representações sociais. A partir da abordagem sociogenética das representações sociais, apontou-se que temáticas em memória histórica que tangem às zonas de tensão podem ser articuladoras entre os campos memoriais e representacionais. Utilizando o Devoir de Memoíre na França, os processos de ancoragem e objetivação podem ser analisados a partir de discussões voltadas à legitimação de narrativas e embates acerca da nomeação de eventos históricos. As disputas memoriais revelam dinâmicas representacionais em relação ao passado social. Por fim, a memória histórica e as representações sociais vinculam-se a diferenças grupais, bem como a conflitos simbólicos.

Objective: This study analyzed the relation between the position of scientists on embryo editing and the different types of knowledge involved. Methods: A lexical analysis of 151 scientific articles in the PubMed and Web of Science databases was conducted using the IRAMUTEQ software. Results: The results showed that gene editing in embryos is presented in two argumentative branches: the first refers to the editing technique and its possibilities; the second discusses the impacts of these techniques on the public arena. The results demonstrate a consensus regarding the potential of editing; however, dilemmas about its effectiveness were also highlighted. Conclusion: The presence of ethical conflicts with embryo editing among the specialists was evidenced especially regarding the birth of genetically modified babies. Therefore, gene editing is marked by conflicts that are not limited only to biological contexts, but that encompasses different aspects of social life.