Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are a global health problem that has been on the rise in recent years. Reviewing the definition of neurodegeneration, it can be established that NDDs are not only chronic diseases since acute events can also generate neurodegeneration. Recent research has focused on identifying key factors in the development of NDDs in order to generate new therapies at different levels of the pathophysiology of these diseases. The relationship between the gut microbiota and neuroinflammation has been subject of research in recent years, discovering new linking and triggering processes. In this text, we seek to summarize the existing findings regarding three NDDs (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Stroke) and their relationship with the Gut Brain Axis, as well as highlight the importance of maintaining a healthy microbiota and generating therapies focused on reducing gut inflammation for the management of NDDs.