The major characteristic of asthma is persistent airway inflammation that fails to resolve spontaneously. Dysregulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms is responsible for the development of chronic inflammation. The inflammatory reaction is mediated by numerous cells and their mediators. Detection and quantification of airway inflammation in children are subject to many requirements, e.g., use of biologic samples obtained in a non-invasive way; use of standardized analytical methods to determine biomarkers that can identify inflammation processes (inflammation itself, oxidative stress, apoptosis and remodelling); determining the role of systemic inflammation; assessment of correlation of various biomarkers of inflammation with clinical parameters and their diagnostic efficacy; providing a tool(s) to monitor diseases, and to evaluate adequacy of therapy; and predicting the clinical course of inflammation and prognosis of asthma. Using standardized analyses, it is now possible to determine direct markers of local inflammation, i.e., fractional nitric oxide (marker of oxidative stress) in exhaled breath, pH (marker of acid stress) in breath condensate, and indirect markers in blood/serum, i.e., eosinophil granulocytes (indicating migration), eosinophil cationic protein (marker of activated eosinophil granulocytes) and C-reactive protein (marker of systemic inflammation). However, none of these biomarkers are specific for asthma. Further standardization of the known pulmonary biomarkers of local inflammation and identification of new ones will allow for longitudinal follow-up of inflammation in children with asthma.
Cilj: U posljednje se vrijeme hsCRP (engl. high sensitive CRP) primjenjuje kao prognostički biljeg kronične upale. Cilj ovoga rada bio je ispitati dolazi li do promjene serumske koncentracije hsCRP, C3 i C4 u djece s latentnom tuberkuloznom infekcijom nakon dva mjeseca profi lakse izonijazidom. Ispitanici i metode: Ukupno je ispitano 79-ero djece podijeljene u tri skupine: 1) ispitanici s latentnom tuberkuloznom infekcijom (LTBI); 2) ispitanici s tuberkulozom pluća; 3) klinički zdravi ispitanici upućeni na sistematski pregled, s biokemijsko-hematološkim pokazateljima unutar referentnih vrijednosti za dob -kontrolna skupina. Krv je uzorkovana dvaput: prije započinjanja terapije i poslije dvomjesečne terapije tijekom koje su lijekovi primjenjivani svakodnevno. Imunokemijskim metodama određena je koncentracija hsCRP, C3 i C4. Rezultati: Koncentracija hsCRP, C3 i C4 u ispitanika s LTBI prije profi lakse izonijazidom bila je statistički značajno veća nego u kontrolnoj skupini. Nakon profi lakse izonijazidom u osoba s LTBI koncentracija hsCRP bila je statistički značajno manja nego prije primjene izonijazida. Specifi čnost je za sve odabrane analite bila veća nego osjetljivost. Granične vrijednosti za hsCRP imale su bolju dijagnostičku učinkovitost nego granične vrijednosti za C3 odnosno C4. Zaključak: Koncentracija hsCRP može se primijeniti za praćenje bolesnika s LTBI u svrhu procjene odgovora na profi laksu izonijazidom i stupnja aktivnosti bolesti.
Novi slu čaj pro laz ne hi per fos fa ta ze mi je u 21-mjesečnog dje te ta s po nav lja ju ćom sip njom -pri kaz bo les ni ka A new ca se of tran sie nt hyper phos pha ta se mia in a 21-month-old chi ld wi th re cur re nt whee zi ng -ca se re po rt Re na ta Zrin ski-Topić 1 , Mi ljen ko Raos 2 , Jad ran ka Demirović 3 , Jad ran ka Živčić 1 , Iva na Če pe lak 4 , Raj ka Petrinović 3 , Sla vi ca Do dig 11 Od jel za kli ničko-la bo ra to rij sku di jag nos ti ku, Dječ ja bol ni ca "Sreb r nja k", Re fe ren tni cen tar Mi nis tar stva zdrav stva za kli nič ku aler go lo gi ju dje ce, Zag reb 1 Department of Cli ni cal La bo ra to ry Diag no sis, Sreb r njak Chil dre n's Hos pi tal, Re fe ren ce Cen ter for Cli ni cal Al ler go lo gy in Chil dren of the Mi nis try of Heal th, Zag reb, Croa tia 2 Od jel za pul mo lo gi ju i aler go lo gi ju do jen ča di i ma le dje ce, Dječ ja bol ni ca "Sreb r nja k", Re fe ren tni cen tar Mi nis tar stva zdrav stva za kli nič ku aler go lo gi ju dje ce, Zag reb 2 Department of Pul mo no lo gy and Al ler go lo gy in In fan ts and Sma ll Chil dren, Sreb r njak Chil dre n's Hos pi tal, Re fe ren ce Cen ter for Cli ni cal Al ler go lo gy in Chil dren of the Mi nis try of Heal th, Zag reb, Croa tia 3 Medicinsko-biokemijski la bo ra to rij, Kli ni ka za tu mo re, Zag reb
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