High expression of Th1- and Th17-related cytokines in the mucosa of UC patients can potentially predict a favorable outcome of IFX induction therapy. Th2 and Treg-related mediators do not appear useful as predictive markers.
Normalization of mucosal gene expression of cytokines after anti-TNF therapy does not occur in all patients with healed mucosa as judged by endoscopy. Normalization of TNF and/or IL17A expression predicts long-term remission.
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