IMPORTANCE Effective long-term treatments are needed to address the obesity epidemic. Numerous wearable technologies specific to physical activity and diet are available, but it is unclear if these are effective at improving weight loss.OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that, compared with a standard behavioral weight loss intervention (standard intervention), a technology-enhanced weight loss intervention (enhanced intervention) would result in greater weight loss. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS Randomized clinical trial conducted at the University of Pittsburgh and enrolling 471 adult participants between October 2010 and October 2012, with data collection completed by December 2014.INTERVENTIONS Participants were placed on a low-calorie diet, prescribed increases in physical activity, and had group counseling sessions. At 6 months, the interventions added telephone counseling sessions, text message prompts, and access to study materials on a website. At 6 months, participants randomized to the standard intervention group initiated self-monitoring of diet and physical activity using a website, and those randomized to the enhanced intervention group were provided with a wearable device and accompanying web interface to monitor diet and physical activity. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome of weight was measured over 24 months at 6-month intervals, and the primary hypothesis tested the change in weight between 2 groups at 24 months. Secondary outcomes included body composition, fitness, physical activity, and dietary intake. RESULTS Among the 471 participants randomized (body mass index [BMI], 25 to <40; age range, 18-35 years; 28.9% nonwhite; 77.2% women), 470 (233 in the standard intervention group, 237 in the enhanced intervention group) initiated the interventions as randomized, and 74.5% completed the study. Weight change at 24 months differed significantly by intervention group (difference, 2.4 kg [95% CI, 1.0-3.7]; P = .002). Both groups had significant improvements in body composition, fitness, physical activity, and diet, with no significant difference between groups. Standard Intervention Enhanced InterventionWeight, mean (95% CI), kg Baseline 95.2 (93.0-97.3) 96.3 (94.2-98.5) 24 mo 92.8 (90.6-95.0) 89.3 (87.1-91.5) Estimated weight loss, mean (95% CI), kg 5.9 (5.0-6.8) 3.5 (2.6-4.5)CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among young adults with a BMI between 25 and less than 40, the addition of a wearable technology device to a standard behavioral intervention resulted in less weight loss over 24 months. Devices that monitor and provide feedback on physical activity may not offer an advantage over standard behavioral weight loss approaches.

Exercise provides a robust physiological stimulus that evokes cross-talk among multiple tissues that when repeated regularly (i.e., training) improves physiological capacity, benefits numerous organ systems, and decreases the risk for premature mortality. However, a gap remains in identifying the detailed molecular signals induced by exercise that benefits health and prevents disease. The Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) was established to address this gap and generate a molecular map of exercise. Preclinical and clinical studies will examine the systemic effects of endurance and resistance exercise across a range of ages and fitness levels by molecular probing of multiple tissues before and after acute and chronic exercise. From this multi-omic and bioinformatic analysis, a molecular map of exercise will be established. Altogether, MoTrPAC will provide a public database that is expected to enhance our understanding of the health benefits of exercise and to provide insight into how physical activity mitigates disease.

Background: Given the paucity of information on dose intensity, the objective of this study is to describe the use of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer, focusing on relative dose intensity (RDI), overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).

Interrupting prolonged sitting with light activity breaks, such as short walks, improves cardiometabolic outcomes, yet less is known about the impact of resistance exercise breaks. This study examined the effects of hourly, guidelines-based simple resistance exercise breaks on acute cardiometabolic health outcomes over a simulated work period. Fourteen adults (age: 53.4 ± 9.5 years, body mass index: 30.9 ± 4.8 kg/m2) completed 2 randomized 4-h conditions: prolonged sitting (SIT) and hourly resistance exercise breaks (REX). Glucose, triglycerides, blood pressure, and heart rate were measured at baseline and then hourly. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured before and after each condition. Linear mixed models evaluated overall condition effects and differences at each hour. Cohen’s d estimated magnitude of effects. Four-hour glucose area under the curve (AUC) did not differ by condition (REX vs. SIT: β = –0.35 mmol/L, p = 0.278, d = 0.51). However, an attenuation of postprandial glucose at 1 h (β = –0.69 mg/dL, p = 0.004, d = 1.02) in REX compared with SIT was observed. Triglyceride AUC, mean blood pressure, and PWV did not differ significantly between REX and SIT overall or any time point (all p > 0.05). Heart rate was higher across the experimental period in REX versus SIT (β = 3.3 bpm, p < 0.001, d = 0.35) and individual time points (β ≥ 3.2 bpm, p ≤ 0.044, d ≥ 0.34). Resistance exercise breaks can potentially improve 1-h postprandial glucose, but may not acutely benefit other cardiometabolic outcomes. Future studies employing guidelines-based resistance exercises to interrupt prolonged sitting with a larger sample and longer follow-up are warranted.

The literature supports the inclusion of physical activity as an important lifestyle behavior for regulating body weight. There are multiple intervention approaches that may be effective for enhancing physical activity engagement within the context of weight control.