Sesame seeds are rich in lignan content and have been well-known for their health benefits. Unlike the other sesame lignan compounds (i.e., sesamin and sesamol), the study of the pharmacological activity of sesamolin has not been explored widely. This review, therefore, summarizes the information related to sesamolin’s pharmacological activities, and the mechanism of action. Moreover, the influence of its physicochemical properties on pharmacological activity is also discussed. Sesamolin possessed neuroprotective activity against hypoxia-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress in neuron cells by reducing the ROS and inhibiting apoptosis. In skin cancer, sesamolin exhibited antimelanogenesis by affecting the expression of the melanogenic enzymes. The anticancer activity of sesamolin based on antiproliferation and inhibition of migration was demonstrated in human colon cancer cells. In addition, treatment with sesamolin could stimulate immune cells to enhance the cytolytic activity to kill Burkitt’s lymphoma cells. However, the toxicity and safety of sesamolin have not been reported. And there is also less information on the experimental study in vivo. The limited aqueous solubility of sesamolin becomes the main problem, which affects its pharmacological activity in the in vitro experiment and clinical efficacy. Therefore, solubility enhancement is needed for further investigation and determination of its pharmacological activity profiles. Since there are fewer reports studying this issue, it could become a future prospective research opportunity.

Introduction: In humans, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) can damage some tissue when the immune systems was decrease. Natural product from the plant often used to improve immune response against microorganism including virus. This study aimed to determine the potential antioxidant of lemongrass extract (C . nardus) with various dosage that can provide immunomodulatory effects and find an optimal dosage to be used.  Methods: The method used observasional analytic, using animal model of 30 male mice strain BALB/C, weight 25-30 gram, divided into 5 groups; the positive control group was given 0.05 mL of  0.05% CMC within 14 days, negative control group was given IMBOOST® tablet 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) within 14 days, treatment groups  were given C. nardus extract with various doses 50 mg/kg bw, 150 mg/kg bw, and 300 mg/kg bw.  In day 21 all group were injected with 0,2 ml of  pathogen bacterial (S. aureus). Blood samples were taken three times: 7th day, 14th day, and 21th day. Results: The results showed that lemongrass extract (C. nardus) was able to influence the leukocyte and lymphocytes count with significant different (p<0.05). The optimal dose is 150 mg/kg body weight. Conclusion: The antioxidant compounds that contain in the C. nardus extract have an ability to increasing the immune system in the dose 150 mg/kg bw , but in the dose 300 mg/kg bw became toxic that can make a skin injury or death in animal test.

No abstract

Salah satu sentra produksi nanas di Jawa Timur adalah di Dusun Puhrejo, Kecamatan Ngancar, Kabupaten Kediri. Nanas yang dihasilkan dijual dalam bentuk buah segar dan olahan, contohnya adalah sari nanas. Kualitas produk olahan sari nanas masih kurang maksimal sehingga pada kegiatan ini diberikan pengetahuan dan pelatihan tentang cara pengolahan buah nanas dalam bentuk minuman berserat. Minuman berserat dibuat dari campuran buah nanas yang kaya nutrisi dan nata de coco yang mengandung serat alami. Penambahan nata de coco juga berfungsi sebagai penstabil (emulsifier) agar produk minuman yang dihasilkan memiliki mutu yang lebih baik dan daya simpan yang lebih lama. Terdapat 2 tahapan kegiatan yang diikuti oleh 25 warga Dusun Puhrejo, yaitu penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini adalah adanya peningkatan pengetahuan peserta mengenai pemanfaatan dan cara pengolahan nanas yang tepat sehingga tidak mengurangi kandungan gizi di dalamnya. Minat peserta untuk mengembangkan produk olahan nanas juga meningkat karena produk yang dihasilkan dapat memberi nilai tambah buah nanas. Produk olahan yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ini juga dijadikan produk unggulan UMKM Dusun Puhrejo. Training on produce a healthy beverage from pineapple fruits and nata de coco AbstractOne of the pineapple production centers in East Java is in Puhrejo village, Ngancar, Kediri. The pineapple was sold in the fresh and processing fruits, like pineapple juice. But the pineapple juice has low quality so this activity gave information and training about how to process pineapple to be a healthy beverage product. A healthy beverage produced from pineapple that contains many nutritions and nata de coco that contain natural fibre. The aim of addition nata de coco is as emulsifier therefore the beverage obtained from this project has better quality and longer shelf life. The activity was attended by 25 Puhrejo village residents and used two steps, that are counselling and training. The result of the activity is an increase in the community’s knowledge about the potential of pineapple and the right processing of it so the nutrition did not decrease. The desire of the community to process pineapple into a variety of products also increased because that product can provide added value to pineapple. The healthy beverage product from this activity will be a superior product from UMKM of Puhrejo village

Vibrio cholerae is an infectious agent causing cholera disease with a high prevalence in various developing countries. V. cholerae is a pathogen with broad spectrum host that can infect humans and animals, especially aquaculture. The existence of this disease in Indonesia has long been identified in several outbreaks. Various reports in Indonesia have succeeded in finding the existence of V. cholerae in the environment, aquaculture, food and beverage, as well as in clinical cases of V. cholerae infection. The presence of V. cholerae in environment such as water source is commonly related with contamination. However, V. cholerae can be found in aquatic environment as this environment is natural habitat for V. cholerae. Thus, aquaculture is prone to be infected with V. cholerae because the presence of this pathogen is abundant in aquatic environment. Contaminated food and beverage are associated with hygiene and sanitation and human is commonly infected after consuming contaminated food or beverage. This brief review has the main focus to discuss the existence of V. cholerae from environmental to clinical aspects found in Indonesia.