There are many methods to manage plant pests and diseases. One method that is always used by farmers is chemical control using synthetic pesticides. Utilization of synthetic pesticides inappropriately in terms of kind, target, dose/concentration, technique and time can be unsafe to the environment as well as the consumers. The objective of this research was to determine pesticide residues on fresh vegetables in the central market of Ambon city. The vegetables being sampled were spinach (Amarantus indica), water cresant (Ipomoea aquatica), green mustard (Brassica juncea) and long bean (Vigna sinensis) collected from Mardika and Passo local markets, Ambon City. Residue analysis was conducted at the Testing Laboratory of the Agricultural Post Harvest Research and Development Board of the Ministry of Agriculture, Bogor (Laboratorium Pengujian, Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pasca Panen Pertanian, Kementrian Pertanian, Bogor). The results showed that the residues of Organochlorine (Chlorinated Hydrocarbons), Organophosphate, Carbamate and Pyrethroid were detected on sampled vegetables from central marketing at Ambon City. The residues of these classes of synthetic pesticides were detected in the form of Heptachlor, Aldrin, Endosulfan, Lindane, Chlorpyrifos, Profenofos, Diazinon, Monocrotophos, Parathion, Carbofuran, and Cypermethrin. The residues detected were below Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) based on SKB of the Minister of Health and the Minister of Agriculture (Menteri Kesehatan dan Menteri Pertanian) No. 881/MENKES/SKB/VIII/1996 and No. 711/Kpts/TP270/8/96, and The Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture (Peraturan Menteri Pertanian) No.27/Permentan/ PP.340/5/2009
Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is one of the major pests on chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis). It damage the 2-6 week old plants. Larvae damage crops by biting, chewing and then eating the lower surface of the leaves. The leaves will become transparent white, severe damage leaves behind only leaf bone. Papaya leaf (Carica papaya) could be used as a pesticide for crops because it contains substances that can inhibit eating even to kill insects pests. The purpose of this study was to verify the efficacy of the papaya leaf extract against Plutella xylostella. The study was conducted in the laboratory of Plant Pests Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University. The design used was a completely randomized design with four papaya leaf extract concentration at 3 instar larvae through the contact and stomach poison test. Observations were made on the early symptoms of poisoning, the percentage of larval mortality, and further Plutella xylostella stadium. The results showed that the highest mortality in the treatment of stomach and contact poison was occured at a concentration of 40 g/100 ml of water by 100%, while the lowest mortality at a concentration of 10 g / 100 ml of water, respectively by 35% and 20%.
Efforts to increase crop production often faced difficulty with pests and diseases. The use of high yielding varieties can be an alternative control. This study aimed to determine the population and intensity of pest damage Plutella xylostella on five varieties of cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L.). The experiment was conducted in the village Waipirit in October 2012 until January 2013. The study was designed using a randomized block design with five treatments, namely cabbage as the Grand 11, KK-Cross, Green Coronet, Green Hero, and Investor. The results showed that Investors were varieties that were resistant to pests Plutella xylostella, indicated by low population groups such as eggs 2.75, 16.55 tails larvae and 1.95 tails pupae, and the low intensity of leaf damage 28.51% which was classified medium.
One of the obstacles in efforts to increase rice productivity is the damage caused by the attack of the rice stem borer. Annual yield loss caused this insect pests is quite high, reaching 10-30%. The attack of stem borer has long been encountered and is a problem in rice producing areas on Buru Island, such as in Savanajaya Village. This study aimed to obtain data on the types of pests, population levels and the intensity of damage in five rice varieties due to stem borer attact and to determine the varieties that had the lowest population and damage intensity in the Saavanajaya Village, Waeapo District, Buru Regency. The method used was a survey method that focused on five varieties of rice cultivated by farmers, to obtain population data and the intensity of damage. The results showed that the type of pest that attacked the five rice varieties of IR-64 variety in Savanajaya Village was the white rice stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata), with the highest larval population (per cluster) of 1.27 individuals and the intensity of damage 5.20%, followed by Cigeulis variety with a larval population of 1.17 individuals and damage intensity of 4.70%, the Ciherang variety with a larval population of 1.07 individuals and damage intensity of was 4.25%, the Mekongan variety with a larval population of 1.1 individuals and damage intensity of 4.15%, and the lowest was the Membramo variety with a larval population of 1.03 larvae and damage intensity of 4.12%. The damage intensity of at the study site, although different between varieties, could all be classified into the category of mild attack. Keywords: damage intensity, rice varieties, Savanajaya, stem borer ABSTRAK Salah satu kendala dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas padi adalah kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh serangan penggerek batang padi. Kehilangan hasil setiap tahun yang disebabkan oleh serangga hama ini padi cukup tinggi, bisa mencapai 10-30%. Serangan hama penggerek batang telah lama ditemui dan menjadi masalah di daerah produsen padi di Pulau Buru, seperti di Desa Savanajaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data jenis hama, jumlah populasi serta intensitas kerusakan pada lima varietas padi akibat serangan hama penggerek batang serta menentukan varietas yang memiliki populasi dan intensitas kerusakan terendah di Desa Savanajaya, Kecamatan Waeapo, Kabupaten Buru. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey yang difokuskan pada lima varietas padi yang diusahakan petani, untuk mendapatkan data populasi dan ntensitas kerusakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis hama yang menyerang lima varietas padi varietas IR-64 di Desa Savanajaya adalah penggerek batang padi putih (Scirpophaga innotata), dengan populasi larva (per rumpun) tertinggi 1,27 ekor dan intensitas kerusakan 5.20%, diikuti oleh varietas Cigeulis dengan populasi larva 1,17 ekor dan internsitas kerusakan 4.70%, varietas Ciherang dengan populasi larva 1.07 ekor dan intensitas kerusakan 4.25%, varietas Mekongan dengan populasi larva 1.1 ekor dan intensitas kerusakan 4.15 %, dan yang terendah varietas Membramo dengan populasi larva 1.03 ekor dan intensitas kerusakan 4.12%. Intensitas kerusakan di lokasi penelitian, walaupun berbeda antar varietas tetapi semuanya dapat diklasifilasikan ke dalam kategori serangan ringan. Kata kunci: intensitas kerusakan, penggerek batang, Savanajaya, varietas padi,
ABSTRAKPengembangan pestisida nabati untuk menekan populasi hama sudah menjadi salah satu cara yang efektif. Pemberian bubuk gagang cengkih terhadap pertumbuhan populasi (Callosobruchus chinensis L penting untuk diteliti. Pestisida ini bersifat mudah terurai (biodegradable), sehingga tidak mencemari lingkungan dan relatif aman bagi manusia dan ternak karena residunya mudah hilang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mendapatkan dosis bubuk gagang cengkih (Syzygium aromaticum) yang efektif untuk mengendalikan kumbang (Callosobruchus chinensis L.) dalam simpanan kacang hijau. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dosis bubuk gagang cengkih terdiri dari 5 perlakuan yaitu: kontrol, 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis 25 g memberikan tingkat mortalitas C. chinensis L. tertinggi (70 %), rata-rata waktu kematian tercepat 16 JSA, sedangkan dosis terendah 10 gram memberikan tingkat mortalitas C. chinensis L pada waktu 24 JSA dengan tingkat mortalitas 56,67%.Kata Kunci :, Mortalitas, Callosobruchus chinensis, Bubuk Cengkih
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