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Every day we don't act to better protect antibiotics will make it harder and more expensive to address drug resistance in the future. Drug resistance can undermine both our ability to fight infectious diseases and much of modern medicine. Patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer, dialysis for renal failure, and increasingly common treatments for diseases such as arthritis depend on antibiotics so common infectious complications can be treated effectively."

Microsphere constitutes an important part of novel drug delivery system by virtue of their small size and efficient carrier capacity. Due to their short residence time, bioadhesive characteristics can be coupled to microsphere to develop mucoadhesive microsphere. Bioadhesion defined as state in which two materials, at least one of which is biological in nature, are held together for a prolonged time by the way of interfacial forces. Microsphere are the carrier around drug delivery system in which particle size in ranges from 1-1000 μm range in diameter having a core of drug and entirely outer layers of polymers as coating material. Mucoadhesive microsphere have advantages like efficient absorption and enhanced bioavailability of drugs due to high surface of volume ratio, a much more intimate contact with mucus layer, controlled and sustained release of drug from dosage form and specific targeting of drug to absorption site. This study aim to provide an overview of various aspects of mucoadhesive microsphere based on various polymers, method of preparation of mucoadhesive microsphere, method of evaluation and their applications in drug delivery system.Keywords: Mucoadhesive, microsphere, bioavailability.

The purpose of this report is to highlight the importance of converging information communication technology (ICT) and e-Governance in the field of healthcare. This paper will examine how these two powerful platforms need to be utilised effectively to make changes in the field of healthcare, especially in the developing countries. Developing countries like ours do not have easily reachable technologies, nevertheless, technology can still be utilised in governing the e-health system ensuring health information is disseminated effectively and efficiently to the populations that require it. This paper is to discuss how Information Technology inclusion with health systems will give us a better foundation for effective governance by quoting ongoing efforts in Rajasthan state of India.Keywords: ICT, e-Governance, e-Health and IT.

Obesity, a complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Usage of herbs for the management of obesity in the recent times is attracting attention. A web and man-ual based literature survey was conducted to assess the amount of information available on the herbal products for weight management. Traditional literature, PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar databases were screened up to February 2012. The search words were “obesity”, “herbal medicine/products/extracts”, “medicinal plants”, “traditional medicine”, Obesity in adults is characterized when the Body Mass Index (BMI) is greater than or equal to 30. It is estimated that 1.7 billion people in the world are overweight or obese, and more than one third of U.S. adults (35.7%) are obese. There are a variety of factors that play a role in obesity, such as behavior, environment, and genetic factors. Usual countermeasures include adequate physical activity, avoidance of calorie-dense foods, and use of certain drugs for promoting weight loss. Surgery is an extreme measure and anyone considering it must have failed consistently in losing weight through lifestyle changes and less invasive methods. The main drugs currently employed in obesity treatment present dangerous side effects, namely: elevation of blood pressure, insomnia, constipation, headaches, among others. For this reason, a wide variety of natural materials have been explored for their obesity treatment potential. Considering that natural anti-obesity products have different mechanisms, the recommended approach to research a more effective obesity treatment, reaching the associated synergistic effects, must involve the combination of natural products and/or products with multiple activities. This chapter describes several natural products with anti-obesity activity, and active components and mechanisms of action to combat obesity. Keywords: anti-obesity activity, metabolic syndrome, natural products, obesity