339of the insurance department of the state, and the re-establishment of the metropolitan police system in Kansas City.Governor Stark, a Democrat, advocated and won through legislative action social security legislation, extending old age assistance, direct relief, and aid to dependent children ; expansion of the eleemosynary institutions ; improvement of the penal institutions ; slum clearance projects ; a state cancer clinic, the first of its kind in the United States ; and other reforms and developments. He organized the state, too, for defense at the approach of war.The documents here published are a bare introduction to an important administration. They are arranged chronologically in the several categories. Historians, reading this book, should remember that it is addressed primarily to social psychologists and sociologists, for whom presumably it will be of great interest as a treatise on methodological techniques. It is also necessary, in order to avoid hasty conclusions for which the authors would not be responsible, constantly to keep in mind that the army was primarily an instrument for fighting a war and only incidentally a sociological laboratory. The scientific care and thoroughness with which the authors discuss their data excite the greatest respect. They accompany their conclusions with the necessary reservations. They never pretend to prove too much. Indeed, to the layman they often seem to labor the obvious, and to give statistical proof for something already taken for granted by men with army experience. Occasionally they suggest an optimism as to what may be possible with improved techniques in social science which a skeptical historian may not share.It might be facetious but it would not be inaccurate to call this volume "Prolegomena for a History of Griping." It is a useful companion to The Procurement and Training of Ground Combat Troops recently published as part of The U. S. Army in World War II. Both discuss the problems and dilemmas attendant upon raising mass citizen armies in a democratic society; how to turn reluctant civilians into effective soldiers quickly, and particularly how to find leaders at the lower levels where the demands of combat are most pressing. If we are considering the history of military institutions at

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The rest of the program provided a consideration of large ideas and basic facts combined with present-day policies and current events. The approaching presidential election increased the interest in the questions of political psychology and method, in the farm problem, in the Nicaraguan question, and in the Kellogg multilateral treaties. At the same time, the general subject of economic imperialism, and the clash or accommodation of widely different civilizations in Latin America, Asia Minor, Africa, and the Far East, came up for extensive discussion. Under the leadership of Professor Graham Wallas, of the London School of Economics, a round table was conducted on "Methods of Social Direction," supplemented by three lectures on the same subject. In these Professor Wallas emphasized the "new social dimensions" produced by modern science and industry, and the necessity of bringing under the deliberate control of human reason the social problems hitherto left to chance. He urged the abandonment of eighteenth-century notions of natural right and divine providence, and the development of trust on the part of the voter toward his representative, coupled with a sense of responsibility by the latter and his

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