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Battelle's Hydroflex™ liquid-liquid extraction technology has been demonstrated for the remediation of metal and sulfate laden acid mine/acid rock drainage waters, removing sulfate to below 250 mg/L. In addition to the processed mine water, the process also produces a concentrated metal sulfate liquid byproduct and a concentrated sodium sulfate liquid byproduct. These byproducts have potential for use in the softening of flowback and produced waters in the Marcellus and Utica shale plays prior to reuse in hydraulic fracturing. This paper reports on Phase 1 of a Department of Energy project, which is preliminary qualification and design work for the full scale demonstration of a 378 liter per minute (100 gallon per minute) HydroFlex TM system to process Acid Mine/Acid Rock Drainage (AMD/ARD) water for use by the Oil and Gas industry. Initial range finding tests indicate that sulfate can be reduced to below 50 milligrams per liter (mg/L) in a single extraction stage, but that non carbonate hardness in the AMD/ARD makes the extraction process sensitive to over-mixing with organic entrainment within the processed water. Optimization of mixing and other extraction conditions in batch and continuous testing will be done to ensure production of water meeting the requirements of the oil and gas industry, as provided by industry and regulatory stakeholders.

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