Objective. To determine whether interleukin-la (IL-la), IL-lfl, IL-2, IL-4, interferon-y (IFNy), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa) are detected more frequently in sera from scleroderma patients than in sera from controls.Methods. Serum concentrations of these cytokines were measured in 78 scleroderma patients and 73 controls, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, radioimmunoassay, and bioassay techniques.Results. IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6 were each detected more frequently in sera from scleroderma patients than in sera from controls. TNFa and IL-la were found with equal frequency in patient and control sera. IL-lP and IFNy were not detected in any sera.Conclusion. IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6 may be among the cytokines that contribute to the disease process in

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