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The purpose of this study was to analyze the joint motion kinetics of the shoulders, elbows, and wrists between experienced player (skilled player) group and unskilled player group when performing overhead standing smash in badminton game. The samples involved were 26 samples. The samples included 13 male badminton players joining Student Activity Unit who had achieved many achievements and had a high skill (skilled), while the other 13 samples were unskilled players, involving students who had just studied under one year. The mean of participants’ age was 19.4 ± 1.6 years, height was 1.73 ± 0.12m, and body weight was 62.8 ± 3.7kg. This study used 3 Panasonic Handycams, a calibration set, 3D Frame DIAZ IV motion analysis software, and a speed radar gun. Normalization of the kinetic motion score of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints was calculated using the inverse dynamics method. The t-test was used to determine the significance of motion kinetic difference of the two different groups. The results presented that the shuttlecock speed of the skilled player group, during the overhead standing smash, showed a significant difference. Meanwhile, the joint motion of the inferior shoulder force, shoulder anterior force, shoulder internal rotation torque, shoulder horizontal abduction torque, elbow anterior force, and wrist flexion torque were higher in the skilled players group than the unskilled player group.

This study aims to develop a Maximal aerobic capacity measuring device through a digital-based bleep test using infrared sensors and software motion analysis systems in order to obtain more accurate assessment results and work efficiency in conducting tests. The research method used by researchers is the R & D method (research and development), in collaboration with a team of experts in various specific fields so that in the development of this research, researchers can create a product that can be validated before being mass produced. The results of this study will create a digital-based measuring instrument that has been tested for validity with the results stated VALID. With the existence of research that develops a product can avoid errors, or Human errors in the execution of tests, get accurate results compared to testing manually and work more efficiently.Keywords: Maximal aerobic capacity, Bleep test, Infrared Sensor and Motion Analysis system software AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan alat ukur Maximal aerobic capacity melalui  bleep test berbasis digital dengan menggunakan sensor infrared dan software motion analysis system supaya mendapatkan hasil penilaian yang lebih tepat, akurat dan efesiensi pengerjaan dalam melakukan tes. Metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah metode R&D (research and Development), bekerjasama dengan tim pakar atau ahli dalam berbagai bidang tertentu supaya dalam pengembangan prototype sederhana ini yang dapat menciptakan suatu produk yang dapat divalidasi sebelum diproduksi secara massal. Hasil dari penelitian ini akan menciptakan suatu alat ukur berbasis digital yang sudah dilakukan uji validitasnya dengan hasil dinyatakan VALID. Dengan adanya penelitian yang mengembangkan suatu produk dapat menghindari kesalahan atau Human error dalam pengerjaan tes ,mendapatkan hasil yang akurat di bandingkan tes secara manual dan pengerjaan lebih efesien.

The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of assisted sprinting training (AS) and resisted sprinting training (RS) in repetition method on improving sprint acceleration capabilities. This research used experimental method in pre-test and post-test design. The research sample were twelve male collegiates track sprinters, athletic division Indonesia University of Education, Bandung. Six male collegiates track sprinters for AS and six male collegiates track sprinters for RS. It used simple random sampling. The instrument used is 30 m sprint test. After training three times per week for six week, data were obtained from pre-test and post-test processed statistically by t-test. The AS group and RS group showed significant changes on improving sprint acceleration capabilities. No significant different between AS and RS on improving sprint acceleration capabilities. In AS the increase is better than RS at a distance of 10 m from a distance of 30 m. While, in RS the increase is better than AS at a distance of 10-20 m and 20-30 m from a distance of 30 m. Accordingly, to improve acceleration at a distance 10 m use AS, while to improve acceleration at a distance of 10-20 m and 20-30 m from a distance of 30 m use RS.

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