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Introduction: Salvia moorcroftiana Wall. ex Benth. belongs to genus Salvia, which is one of the largest genera from Lamiaceae family, which compromises about 900 species and is widely distributed in Kashmir valley. It is used medicinally in guinea worm infection, itching, colic, dysentery and boils. Objective: The present study deals with Pharmacognostic parameters of the aerial part of Salvia moorcroftiana Wall. ex Benth. Materials and Methods: The aerial part of Salvia moorcroftiana Wall. ex Benth was collected, shade dried for about 3 weeks and powdered by using mechanical grinder and the powered aerial part of plant material was evaluated for Pharmacognostic parameters by standard methods. The various fractions of Salvia moorcroftiana were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening for the presence of various Phytoconstituents. The microscopy of the aerial part of Salvia moorcroftiana Wall. ex Benth revealed the presence of stomata, covering trichome, calcium-oxalate crystals and multicellular-headed glandular trichome. Results: Proximate analysis of the aerial part of Salvia moorcroftiana showed that the dried plant powder has 6.5 % total ash value, 1.0 % acid insoluble ash value, 0.2 % sulphated ash value. Loss on drying was found to be 5.4 %. The fractions of Salvia moorcroftiana were found to contain various phytoconstituents. Fluorescence analysis of the plant powder showed the behavour, when treated with different chemical reagents. Conclusion: The current study showed the microscopical characters, the preliminary phytochemical screening and the proximate analysis of the aerial part of Salvia moorcroftiana. Information collected from such studies can be used as benchmark in the quality control of this plant as a herbal medicine for treatment of various disease.

Cancer is the major challenge across world and the adenocarcinoma of prostate malignancy is the second most prevalent male cancer. Various medicinal plants are used for the treatment and management of various cancers. Matricaria chamomilla L., is one of the extensively used Unani medicament for the treatment of various type of diseases. In the current study we evaluated most of the parameters prescribed for drug standardization using pharmacognostic approaches. The 2,2 Diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) method was utilized for the analysis of antioxidant activity in the flower extracts of M. chamomilla. Moreover, we analyzed the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of M. chamomilla (Gul-e Babuna) through in-vitro method. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazl-hydrate) method was utilized for the analysis of antioxidant activity in the flower extracts of M. chamomilla. CFU and wound healing assay were performed to determine the anti-cancer activity. The results demonstrated that various extracts of M. chamomilla fulfilled most of the parameters of drug standardization and contained good antioxidant and anticancer activities. The ethyl acetate showed higher anticancer activity followed by aqueous, hydroalcoholic, petroleum benzene and methanol by CFU method. Also, the wound healing assay demonstrated that ethyl acetate extract has more significant effect followed by methanol and petroleum IvyspringInternational Publisher benzene extract on prostate cancer cell line (C4-2). The current study concluded that the extract of M. chamomilla flowers could act as good source of natural anti-cancer compounds.

Gilo or Tinospora cordifolia is considered as a wonder drug of Unani System of Medicine because of its broad-spectrum therapeutic properties. It is an herbaceous vine, commonly grown in tropical India, and is being widely used in AYUSH system and unorganized systems (folk, tribal, native) of medicine. It is a storehouse of various phyto constituents like alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, hormones, polysaccharides, steroids, minerals etc. Its main pharmacological properties are antipyretic, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, hepato protective etc. Now a days, Gilo is being extensively assessed for its immunomodulator activity and it is proving to be a promising herb in this respect. The current study presents a critical review on the morphology, habitat, phytochemistry, pharmacological actions and therapeutic uses of this medicinal plant as mentioned in the classical literature of Unani System of Medicine as well as to cover its recent researches.