No abstract

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that attacks the lungs. Tuberculosis is a dangerous disease that can cause death. In overcoming it, a safe and effective treatment is needed so that this disease can be cured. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential activity of the active compounds derived from xanthones contained in the mangosteen rind as an inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein with the comparison compound Isoniazid. The active compounds used in this study were α-mangostin, β-mangostin, γ-mangostin, garsinon, gartanin, and 8-deoxygartanin. This research uses the molecular docking method with Yasara, MarvinSketch, PubChem, PDB, and Plants 1.1 software. The results showed that the Gibss energy produced by each test ligand had a difference value, either lower or higher than the native ligand protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Lipinski screening was done to make it easier to determine a molecule or compound based on its permeability and absorption properties. The results showed that gartanin and 8-deoxygartanin complied with Lipinski's rules. Prediction of pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity was carried out using the pkCSM website and can be concluded that gartanin and 8-deoxygartanin compounds have good pharmacokinetic properties and low toxicity.

In this paper, we determine the optimal control of plant disease model with roguing, replanting, curative, and preventive treatment using the Maximum Pontryagin principle. Numerical simulation results show that the procedure can reduce the population of infected plants. Therefore, controlling by roguing, replanting, curative, and preventive treatment is highly recommended to increase the number of susceptible, removed, and protected plants.

No abstract

One of the main obstacles in the cultivation of red chili plants (Capsicum annuum) is the yellow virus disease caused by the Gemini virus. The virus is transmitted through insect vectors which can be controlled using insect pathogenic fungi (Verticillium lecanii). To understand the dynamics of the spread of the yellow virus in Capsicum annuum (C. annuum), we have formulated and analyzed a mathematical model of plant disease. From this model, the value of the Basic Reproduction Number (ℜ0) is presented, which is an essential quantity in an epidemiological model. The obtaining results indicate that when the value of ℜ0 is greater than one, the endemic equilibrium point is asymptomatically stable. However, if the value of ℜ0 is smaller than one, then the endemic equilibrium point is unstable. Also, we provide numerical simulations to illustrate the results.