Environmental pollution is one of the factors that contribute to the decline in male fertility. Lead is one of six air pollutants harmful to the reproductive system. One parameter of infertility in men is an increase in reproductive function observed with decreased morphological abnormalities of spermatozoa. The purpose is to analyze the effect of giving various dosages of Solanum betaceum extract on spermatozoa morphology of mice exposed to lead acetate. This study was true experimental using a randomized post-test only control group design. The total sample was 40 male mice Balb/ C taken by simple random sampling technique. Treatment and maintenance of experimental animals for 35 days. Statistical tests showed there were significant differences with p-value 0.005. Solanum betaceum extract can be used as a protective to improve the normal morphology spermatozoa of mice that exposed to lead acetate.

Lead is a toxic material that can have negative effects on reproductive organs. Lead exposure reduces the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and increases the number of oxidants in the body. High free radicals will affect spermatogenesis and result in decreased motile spermatozoa. Antioxidants are known to protect the motility of spermatozoa, and adequate antioxidants can be found in Dutch eggplants (Solanumbetaceum). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of S. betaceum on spermatozoa motility after exposure to lead acetate. This study is a true experimental design with a randomized post-test-only control group design. Forty male Balb/C mice 12 weeks old were randomly divided into 5 groups: two control groups (C0, C1) and three treatment groups (T1, T2, T3).The C0 received distilled water, and the C1 received 75 mg/kg BW lead acetate. The T1, T2 and T3 received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg BW of S. betaceum, respectively, an hour before exposed lead acetate. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a significant level of p <0.05. A significantly increasein the mean total motility of spermatozoa in T1, T2, and T3 was reported.This study indicates that S. betaceum have a protective effect on spermatozoa motility when exposed to lead acetate.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of giving various dosages of Solanum betaceum extract on the vitality spermatozoa mice exposed to lead acetate. This research was true experimental using randomized post-test only control group design. The total sample was 40 mice which were divided into 5 groups. Lead acetate used a dose of 75 mg/kg BW and various extracts of Solanum betaceum namely 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW. Acclimatization was carried out for 7 days and continued with maintenance and treatment for 35 days. Statistical tests showed that there was a significant difference with (p=0.026). In conclusion, Solanum betaceum extract can be used as a protective to increase the vitality of spermatozoa exposed to lead acetate