The selective COX-2 inhibitor etodolac showed anti-proliferative effects by suppressing COX-2 and cell-cycle regulator protein expression in patients with endometrial cancer positive for COX-2 expression. This study demonstrates that a selective COX-2 inhibitor is a potentially beneficial treatment for COX-2 positive endometrial cancers.

The inhibitory and stimulatory effects of steroid hormones and related compounds on the hydroxylation activity at the 6β-position of two steroid hormones, progesterone and testosterone, by CYP3A4, polymorphically expressed CYP3A5, and fetal CYP3A7 were compared to clarify the catalytic properties of the predominant forms of the human CYP3A subfamily. Hydroxylation activities of progesterone and testosterone by CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7 were estimated using HPLC. The Michaelis constants (K m ) for progesterone 6β-hydroxylation by CYP3A5 were markedly decreased in the presence of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and α-naphthoflavone (ANF), whereas progesterone and DHEA competitively inhibited testosterone 6β-hydroxylation mediated by CYP3A4, and progesterone competitively inhibited CYP3A5-mediated activity, which was weaker than that for CYP3A4. ANF noncompetitively inhibited testosterone 6β-hydroxylation mediated by both CYP3A4 and CYP3A5. Progesterone and testosterone 6β-hydroxylation mediated by CYP3A7 was inhibited or unaffected by DHEA, pregnenolone, and ANF. These results suggested that DHEA and ANF stimulated progesterone 6β-hydroxylation by CYP3A5 but not by CYP3A4 and CYP3A7; however, progesterone, DHEA, and ANF inhibited testosterone 6β-hydroxylation mediated by all CYP3A subfamily members. The inhibitory/stimulatory pattern of steroid-steroid interactions is different among CYP3A subfamily members and CYP3A5 is the most sensitive in terms of activation among the CYP3A subfamily members investigated.

Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) that originates from the uterine cervix is extremely rare, with only thirteen cases reported. The participation of the ASPL-TFE3 chimeric gene, translocation (X; 17) (p11; q25), has been demonstrated in ASPS. Here, we report a case of cervical ASPS, along with a review of the literature. The patient, a 56-year-old woman, was referred for a 70 × 80 mm cervical tumor. She underwent a hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and remained disease free for 66 months without adjuvant therapy. Pathological examination revealed features consistent with ASPS. In addition, the present case demonstrated strong positive nuclear staining for TFE3, and ASPL-TFE3 fusion gene type 1 was detected by RT-PCR. In a review of fourteen cases of this tumor (including the present case), the immunohistochemical expression patterns of myogenic or neuroendocrine markers were somewhat varied among cases. In all cases except for the present case, the patients were under 40 years of age, and the tumor sizes were under 5 cm. The prognosis of ASPS in the cervix was considerably better than that of ASPS in soft tissues. Complete resection with adequate margins is thought to be important, although the appropriate surgical method, including lymph node dissection, is uncertain. The role of chemotherapy or radiotherapy as adjuvant therapy has not been defined. Cervical ASPS is extremely rare, making case series the most viable option for understanding their natural history and for developing a treatment strategy, including an optimal surgical procedure and adjuvant therapy.

Objective: To examine the results of treatment of a surgical site infection (SSI) with a single antibiotic after laparoscopic surgery. Cefdinir 300 mg/day orally (postoperative day 2-6). We divided the new group into two dosage methods. New group 1 received Cefazolin 1 g IV one time. New group 2 received Fromoxef 1g IV 6 hours postoperatively and 2 g/day IV daily (postoperative day 1-3) in addition to the dosage given to new group 1.Results: New group 1 comprised 770 cases; new group 2 comprised 100 cases. In the old group, the number of SSIs was 20: 15 (1.2%) superficial incisional SSIs; and 5 (0.4%) deep incisional or organ/Space SSIs. In new group 2, 5 SSIs (0.5%) occurred. Three (0.3%) were superficial and three (0.3%) were deep or organ/space SSIs. Conclusions:We did not note any significant difference in the number of SSIs between the two groups (P = 0.06). We suggest that simplification of antibiotics dosage is possible in approximately 90% of cases. We confirmed that simplification of antibiotic dosage does not increase the risk of a SSI. Accumulation of additional cases would be necessary to strengthen this finding; however, we are of the opinion that the new dosage provided quality medical care and reduced expense.

The present study suggests that in the late third trimester, evaluation of CGA with transvaginal ultrasonography is most useful in predicting the necessity of induction of labor to prevent post-term delivery.