This study evaluated the validity of the total energy expenditure (TEE) estimated using uniaxial (ACCuni) and triaxial (ACCtri) accelerometers in the elderly. Thirty-two healthy elderly (64-87 years) participated in this study. TEE was measured using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method (TEE(DLW)). TEE(ACCuni) (6.79 +/- 1.08 MJ day(-1)) was significantly lower than TEE(DLW) (7.85 +/- 1.54 MJ day(-1)) and showed wider limits of agreement (-3.15 to 1.12 MJ day(-1)) with a smaller correlation coefficient (r = 0.703). TEE(ACCtri) (7.88 +/- 1.27 MJ day(-1)) did not differ from TEE(DLW) and showed narrower limits of agreement (-1.64 to 1.72 MJ day(-1)) with a larger correlation coefficient (r = 0.835, P < 0.001). The estimated intensities of light activities were significantly lower with ACCuni. Greater mediolateral acceleration was observed during 6-min walk tests. The results suggest that ACCtri is a better choice than ACCuni for assessing TEE in the elderly.

The sPAR provides valid estimates of TEE and PAEE in the healthy elderly. The results suggest that engaging in housekeeping or sports activities for longer and being less sedentary may increase PALDLW in healthy elderly individuals.

The correct TEE (kcal day −1 ) = (3.9/FQ + 1.1) × rCO 2 (L day −1 ).Thus, the correct TEE is proportional to 1.2 times (22.4/18.02) higher than the miscalculated TEE. Presentation of the calculation of the correction factor of 1.2. The miscalculated TEE was used to estimate the physical activity level (PAL). With the corrected TEE, the average PAL increases from the originally reported 1.66 to 1.97. This corrected average PAL is substantially higher than other published values (Blanc et al. 2004;Speakman and Westerterp 2010). The correlation coefficients between variables are not affected because the miscalculation is proportional to a constant. In the calculation of total energy expenditure (TEE) in two publications (Yamada et al. 2009(Yamada et al. , 2013 a serious mistake has slipped in and therefore needs to be rectified. The correct TEE is 1.2 times higher than the published miscalculated TEE. The CO 2 production rate (rCO 2 ), and TEE were miscalculated by the DLW method previously as:The miscalculated TEE (kcal day −1 ) = (3.9/FQ + 1.1) × rCO 2 .Where TBW is total body water. They should be:rCO 2 = 0.4554 × TBW (g) × (1.007k o − 1.041k d ).TBW (mol) = TBW (g)/18.02

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