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The aim of this article is to analyze and evaluate the performance of Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) transmission approach at a frequency of 28 GHz using three dimensional ray tracing simulations in an urban macrocellular environment. The new performance metric introduced in this article is the relative power usage. Other performance metrics examined in this article are received power, the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), user throughput, relative throughput gain, and the percentage of overlapping area with multiple cells. Indoor and outdoor users are separately analyzed for few key performance indicators. Different cases of coordinated multipoint transmission i.e. intra-node and inter-node coordination is analyzed. The post analysis of the acquired simulation data shows that the use of CoMP functionality is more beneficial for the cell edge users compared with the other users in terms of improving the user's experience. The throughput gain as well as the transmission overhead of the CoMP approach increases with the increase in number CoMP ports. Inter-node CoMP is much more power efficient and beneficial in comparison with the intra-node CoMP case.

The aim of this article is to evaluate the applicability of 5G technology as a possible ambient signal for backscattering communications (AmBC). This evaluation considers both urban macro-cellular, small cell as well as rural highway environments. The simulations are performed in outdoor areas including analysis about 5G implementation strategies in different scenarios. Essential aspects of 5G radio network topology such as frequency domain (3.5 GHz and 26 GHz) and antenna locations (offering line-of-sight, LOS) are highlighted and turned to applicability scenarios with AmBC. The LOS scenarios are evaluated to determine the widest applicability area of 5G for AmBC. Typical AmBC applications are studied including collection of data from several sensors to receivers. Evaluation of the applicability of 5G was based on propagation related simulations and calculations utilising the ray tracing technique and the radar equation. The results demonstrate that 5G can be used as an ambient signal for backscattering communications for short ranges for typical sensor sizes. It is also observed that the range of communication is heavily dependent on the the size of the sensor.