The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of creative climate dimensions on individual innovation behaviour. Data were collected from 249 randomly selected respondents for 2021 using a survey questionnaire. Statistical analyses were assessed using, a statistical package for social science (SPSS version 22); Descriptive analysis was done for categorical variables by using frequency and percentage, and Logistic regression analysis was done at the ordinal level to determine the relationship between creative climate and individual innovation behaviour. A descriptive study was organized. The results were drawn based on empirical data collected by university staff. From the results, it can be concluded that the six independent variables under study sufficiently influence individual innovation behaviour. The model is statistically significant, as indicated by the chi-square value (66.066) since the p-value is less than 0.000. As a result, we conclude that the dependent variable and independent factors have a very strong association. In addition, the model Parallel line test is 0.077, (The null hypothesis states that the location parameters (slope coefficients) are the same across response categories.) this test indicates that we have not violated the assumption. Keywords: creative climate dimensions, individual innovation behaviour, ordered logit model, Erbil Polytechnic University, Soran University.

The COVID-19 epidemic was founded in December 2019 in Wuhan city in China. It continues to spread across the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), by the end of March 2020, COVID-19 had led to more than 1000,000 confirmed infections and 10,000 deaths in 110 countries – and the numbers are increasing quickly. At the time of writing this report, more than 2,000,000 cases of the virus have been recorded worldwide. Kurdistan Region is not excluded from recording new cases. However, the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) has taken some vital steps at the beginning to block the threat of COVIC-19, especially when some cases have been reported in neighbours countries such as Iran and Turkey. Still, at the time of writing this report, more than 200 cases have been confirmed here in Kurdistan Region. This paper aims to determine the effectiveness of planning in reducing the risk of COVID-19 and the number of infections and saving lives in the Kurdistan Region. The questionnaire technique was used to collect the data, and the questions were self-generated. In this study, the planning on unexpected events was surveyed in Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Data was collected from 323 randomly selected respondents in 2020 through using a survey questionnaire. The result of this study indicated that the relationship between most planning variables and unexpected events is significant.

The term “customer satisfaction” is a basic marketing expression constructed in the past three decades. In the past, it was an unpopular and unaccepted concept, as the aim of companies was to gain new customers rather than retain the existing ones. However, companies realized and understood the significance of customer satisfaction (especially service producing companies) and have adopted it as the highest priority of their operational goals in the present decade. This study aims to examine overall customer satisfaction with the internet service in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, factors affecting satisfaction and the relationship between satisfaction and demographics. Data were collected from 400 customers who were randomly selected. The results gained in this study revealed that 81.5% of respondents were satisfied. The combination of network quality, billing, speed, and customer support (internet services attributes) indicated a relationship with satisfaction, while age, education, gender, and employment variables indicated no relationship. Results show that the rate of satisfaction is high but the internet service companies can improve their services to reach the level of developed countries.