Aflatoxin is a dangerous secondary metabolite produced by some species in the Aspergillus genus. Aflatoxin contamination is considered as critical indicator for good quality of agricultural product, due to its carcinogenic effect to human and animal health. The contamination of aflatoxin in maize occurred at pre-and post-harvest stage when the environment condition is optimum for the mycotoxin growth. The contamination is possibly appeared along distribution chain from field to maize storage. However, the high risk of aflatoxin contamination point along maize distribution chain still unknown. Therefore, identification of high risk aflatoxin contamination along maize distribution chain for preventive handling is necessary. In this study, the aflatoxin contamination risk was determined along maize distribution chain, from field to maize storage. This study was conducted in one of maize enterprise in East Lampung. The distribution chain scope starts from harvest in the field until the maize ready to sell to feed company, without drying treatment. The distribution chain point was determined become 3 point: maize field (Point 1), before threshing/corncob in storage (Point 2) and before send to feed company/maize threshed (Point 3). The maize kernel was collected from each point for further analysis. Our results suggested for maize enterprise actor to put concern in maize handling at storage after threshing, especially controlling in environmental storage condition and time storage, to reduce aflatoxin contamination.

Shallot is superior vegetable commodity in which the demand has a tendency to increase. The growth of demand for commodity is in line with the growth of population in Indonesia. Shallot is included in 7 (seven) basic foodstuffs targeted by Ministry of Agriculture in Indonesia. The need of shallot is supplied by Central Java, East Java, West Java and West Nusa Tenggara. Shallot commodities in Indonesia heavily depend on the season, the government makes a regulation about shallot import for maintaining stability of price. To anticipate the occurrence of imports, the government is focused on inviting local governments to create a farming center of shallot. Lampung Province is one of the provinces that has suitable natural resources for shallot farming. The purpose of this research is to analyze the financial feasibility of shallot farming development based on NPV (Net Present Value), Net B/C (benefit/cost), IRR (Internal Rate Return), and payback period criteria. The financial feasibility analysis through the calculation of cost and benefit components obtained from shallot business and investment criteria to determine the level of feasibility in quantitative terms. The result showed that NPV is IDR. 16,747,507.38, Net B/C 1.45, IRR for 4 period is 66.03% and payback period is 3.58.

Nata de coco is food made from coconut water waste which can be consumed and can help improve the digestive process. The results of fermentation at PT XYZ still contain damaged or moldy nata sheets. The purpose of this study is to identify the causes of nata sheet defects. The identification of production defects in this study uses a fishbone diagram. The results of this study show that the cause of nata de coco sheet defects is the quality of coconut water that is too old (contains oil), too young (does not contain minerals), too long exposure to open air (contaminated with other bacteria). So that the resulting starter seeds are not good enough. Other causes are because the tray used is not clean (still runny), the newspaper used is torn (wide open), shocks occur during fermentation, alkaline pH, fluctuating air temperature, the boiling process has not reached boiling point, and the amount of additional materials (ZA fertilizer and sugar) is not quite right.

The Study of supply chain risk in shallot commodity needs to take more concern. This is related to the increasing number of risks that faced in different the Industrial and business world. Based on these risks, currently the condition of the Shallot commodity supply chain performance is less than expected. In Relations of existence of risks in the supply chain, risk management plays an important role in keeping the supply chain system in order to be not disrupted. Risk Management is the part. Risk management is an integral part of the management process that runs continuously to minimize losses either increase opportunities or opportunities. This risk management process starts from the process of risk identification, risk assessment, mitigation, monitoring and evaluation. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the risk of supply chain shallot commodity. The Step that has to do is risk identification, risk analyze, and risk evaluation of supply chain. House of Risk (HOR) model is the method that used to identification, analyze, and evaluation the risk of shallot commodity.

Komoditas bawang merah merupakan komoditas dengan permintaan yang cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Rata-rata konsumsi bawang merah per kapita sebesar 0,54 ons per hari. Sebagai komoditas sayuran bawang merah termasuk komoditas dengan produksi tinggi sebesar 1.49 juta ton pada tahun 2018. Sentra usaha bawang merah di Lampung masih dalam pengembangan untuk membantu menstabilkan kebutuhan suplai bawang merah dan menjaga kestabilan harga di pasar.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaat  serta kelayakan dalam aspek teknis, finansial dan sosial ekonomidalam usaha tani bawang merah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di salah satu kawasan lahan pertanian bawang merah di Lampung Tengah kecamatan Kota Gajah. Metode yang digunakan meliputi wawancara langsunguntuk pengumpulan data primer dan pengumpulan data sekunder melalui pusat informasi daerah.Penilaian secara finansial menggunakan analisis kriteria investasi nilai NPV, IRR, rasio pendapatan dan biaya (revenue and cost ratio). Hasil analisis teknis menunjukkan bahwa daerah kecamatan Kota Gajah memiliki iklim, jenis tanah dan ketersediaan serta skill petani yang memenuhi untuk tanaman bawang merah. Pada analisis finansial menunjukkan usaha tersebut layak dijalankan karena  diperoleh rasio revenue dan cost sebanyak 1,8, dengan nilai NPV Rp. 16.343.200.177,00 dan IRR 15,19% pada periode kedua diatas tingkat diskonto. Pada aspek sosial ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa tanaman bawang merah mampu meningkatkan penghasilan petani sebanyak 4 kali lipat dibanding menanam padi serta membuka hubungan kerjasama dengan berbagai pihak baik pemerintah, swasta dan petani di luar kecamatan Kota Gajah.