No abstract

TV-ICDs are associated with increased device-related complication rates compared to a propensity matched S-ICD group during a similar follow-up period. Despite the existing significant difference in unit cost of the S-ICD, overall S-ICD costs may be mitigated versus TV-ICDs over a longer follow-up period.

mice showed a significant reduction in the cardiomyocyte cross sectional area (sham, 26763.4 mm 2 , vehicle treated TAC mice, 48065.8 mm 2 , AP2 treated TAC mice, 31963.9 mm 2 ). A significant reduction in the expression of the hypertrophic marker ANP and BNP and in the percentage of fibrosis was also observed in these mice compared with vehicle treated TAC mice. AP2 treatment led to a significant reduction in the expression of the bona fide calcineurin target RCAN1.4 and a reduction in the NFAT phosphorylation level in vivo and the NFAT transcriptional activity in vitro. In conclusion, we have identified AP2 as a novel PMCA4 specific inhibitor and shown its potential to modify the development of cardiac hypertrophy likely through inhibition of calcineurin/NFAT signalling. This compound has drug-like properties and thus lays the basis for a novel approach for treating cardiac hypertrophy and failure through PMCA4 inhibition.

Summary A double‐blind between‐patient study was carried out to compare the efficacy of pentazocine 40 mg. and pethidine 100 mg. and 50 mg. for the relief of pain during labour. After the first injection pentazocine 40 mg. and pethidine 100 mg. produced a comparable degree of analgesia. The second injection of pentazocine 40 mg. was not as effective as the second injection of pethidine 100 mg. but this may be because the duration of action of pentazocine is shorter. Side effects were not very serious with either drug, but vomiting was more common after pethidine injections; hallucinations occurred in some instances after the higher doses of pethidine.