An appealing couple: The unprecedented insertion of the nitrosonium cation into a tetrahedral edge of white phosphorus forms the highly reactive [P4NO]+ cation (see picture). The synthesis, characterization, and applications are discussed, and NO2[Al(OC(CF3)3)4] is presented as an easily synthesized oxidant.
All reactions were carried out in dried glassware under an Argon atmosphere (Argon 5.0 from Messer-Griesheim) unless stated otherwise. All reagents were obtained commercially unless otherwise noted. All solvents were dried and distilled by standard procedures. i Chromatographic purification of products was accomplished using flash chromatography on Macherey-Nagel silica gel 60 (230-400 mesh) unless otherwise noted.
Obwohl seit Jahrzehnten auf dem Gebiet der Polyphosphorchemie intensiv geforscht wird, [1] sind Kenntnisse über homoleptische Polyphosphorkationen immer noch auf die Ergebnisse von massenspektrometrischen [2] und quantenchemischen Untersuchungen [3] beschränkt. Im Allgemeinen sind die kationischen diamagnetischen Käfige mit ungerader Zahl an Phosphoratomen stabiler, wobei P 9 + , das aus zwei C 2v -symmetrischen P 5 -Käfigen mit einem gemeinsamen Phosphoniumatom besteht, eine besondere Stabilität zukommt. [4] Dieser Käfig findet sich auch in einem der wenigen bekannten P-Kationen des Typs [P 5 R 2 ][ [5][6][7][8] Formal werden diese Gerüste durch die Insertion eines carbenanalogen PR 2 + -Fragments in eine P-P-Bindung von P 4 gebildet (zur P 4 -Aktivierung siehe Lit. [9,10]).Stabile Carbene können, abhängig von ihrer elektronischen Struktur, mit P 4 unter Bildung von P 1 -bis P 12 -Strukturen wechselwirken.[11] Vor kurzem wurden auch größere kationische P 7 -Käfige synthetisiert, [5] jedoch gelang die Herstellung eines reinen P n + -Kations bisher nicht. Daher muss ein geeignetes Einelektronenoxidationsmittel gefunden werden, um P 4 (Ionisationsenergie (IE) 9.34 eV) [12]
A new method for the preparation of an E/Z mixture of vitamin A acetate from hydroxenin monoacetate is described. This two-step reaction was studied by changing the reaction parameters (reaction temperature, ultrasound power, and reaction time) and the alcohol used. This approach consists of the dehydration reaction of hydroxenin monoacetate under ultrasound irradiation in CCl4 and an aliphatic alcohol under an inert atmosphere. The formation of small amounts of HCl from CCl4 and an aliphatic alcohol under ultrasound irradiation is followed by the dehydration reaction of hydroxenin monoacetate. An E/Z mixture of vitamin A acetate was obtained resulting in the desired pentaenes. Some ethers derivatives were also formed as by-products, isolated and characterized. Study of the reaction mechanism is also reported here.
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