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ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh suplementasi selenium (Se) organik terhadap ekspresi gen heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), kadar malondialdehid (MDA) dan produktivitas ayam broiler yang dipelihara di lingkungan tropis. Tiga jenis kandang didesain dengan lingkungan yang berbeda dalam percobaan ini: kandang dengan lingkungan suhu yang nyaman menggunakan AC suhu 22 o C (R0), kandang lingkungan tropis (± 30 o C) tanpa Se organik (R1), dan kandang lingkungan tropis dilengkapi dengan 0.30 ppm Se organik (R2). Penelitian ini menggunakan 120 ekor broiler (unisex). Ada 40 ekor ayam/kandang setiap perlakuan. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat ulangan untuk setiap perlakuan. Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan model linier umum program SAS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok R0 dan R2 signifikan meningkatkan (P<0.05) konsumsi ransum, bobot badan, pertambahan bobot badan dan menurunkan konversi ransum dibandingkan dengan kelompok R1. Ekspresi gen HSP70, aktivitas enzim GSH-Px dan kadar MDA pada kelompok R2 dan R0 signifikan menurun (P<0.05) dibandingkan dengan kelompok R1. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah broiler yang diberikan 0.30 ppm Se organik di lingkungan tropis memiliki produktivitas dan ekspresi gen HSP 70 yang sama dengan broiler dipelihara di lingkungan yang nyaman.Kata Kunci: broiler, gen HSP70, lingkungan tropis, produktivitas, selenium organik. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this experiment is to study the effect of organic selenium (Se) supplementation on the expression of heat shock protein 70 gene (HSP70), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and productivity of broilers in tropical environment. Three kinds of environmental pens were designed in this experiment: comfortable environment pens with temperature of air conditioner adjusted at 22 o C (R0), tropical environment pens (±30 o C ) without organic Se (R1), and tropical environment pens supplemented with 0.30 ppm organic Se (R2). One hundred and twenty broiler chickens (unisex) were used in this study. There were 40 chicks per pen for each treatment. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications for each treatment. The data were statistically analyzed using the general linear model of SAS program. Results showed that R0 andThe Expression of Heat Shock Protein 70 Gene (R. Amizar et al.) 279 R2 groups had significantly increased (P<0.05) feed intake, body weight, body weight gain, and decreased feed conversion ratio compared to R1 groups. Meanwhile, the expression of HSP70, GSH-Px enzyme activity and MDA of R2 groups and R0 groups were significantly lower (P<0.05) than that of R1 groups. It was concluded that the broilers given 0.30 ppm organic Se in tropical environment had similar productivity and expression of HSP 70 with broilers kept in comfortable environment.

This research aim was to know the influence of addition of binders (bentonite, tapioca flour, gambier liquid waste, and onggok) on physical characteristics of pelleted native chicken ration based on coconut meat waste supplemented with mannanolytic thermophilic bacteria and thermostable mannanase. A completely randomized design was applied in this experiment with five treatments and five replicates. Moisture content, angle of response, bulk and compacted bulk densities, specific gravity, compaction rate, and pellet durability were determined. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance according to completely randomized design and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Data indicated that moisture content, bulk density, compact bulk density and pellet durability affected significantly by binders, while angle of response, specific gravity and compaction rate had no affected by the presence of binders. Moisture content, bulk density, compacted bulk density, pellet durability of ration with binders were significantly different with ration without binder. Ration with gambier liquid waste binder had the highest value for bulk density and compacted bulk density, i.e. 1.36 g/cm3±0.011 and 1.46 g/cm3±001 respectively, while the value of pellet durability in ration with bentonite and tapioca flour binders were higher than others (98.63±0.11 and 98.49±0.05). It is concluded that the addition of binders in native chicken ration based on coconut meat waste supplemented with mannanolytic thermophilic bacteria and thermostable mannanase pelleted were able to improve the physical characteristic of native breed chicken ration.

The Tenebrio molitor caterpillar (Tmc) is an alternative source of animal protein. This research aims to study the effect of the Tenebrio molitor caterpillar in concentrate and tofu dregs growth media on nutrient content and determine the Tmc effect in the diet on the production of laying quail. The study was divided into two stages of research. Phase 1 of the laboratory experiment determined the composition of the concentrate and tofu dregs media on the nutrient content of Tenebrio molitor. This study method was a completely randomized design (CRD) with six treatments and three replications. The treatment variations consist of commercial ration (CR) and tofu dregs (TD) were treatment P1 (100% CR), P2 (80% CR + 20% TD), P3 (60% CR+ 40% TD), P4 (40% CR + 20% TD), P5 (20% CR + 80% TD) and P6 (100% TD). The observed variables were fresh weight, crude protein, and crude fat of Tmc. The Phase 2 application to laying quails is the utilization of Tenebrio molitor caterpillars in the diet. This stage used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. Provision of Tenebrio molitor caterpillars consisted of 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% in the diet of laying quail. The parameters measured were feed consumption, daily egg production, egg weight, egg mass, and feed conversion. Phase 1 showed that the difference in growth media composition had a significant effect (P<0.01) on fresh weight, crude protein, and crude fat. The Phase 2 variance analysis results showed that the use of Tmc in the diet had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on feed consumption, egg production, egg weight, egg mass, and feed conversion. The study concluded at stage 1 that 100% tofu dregs medium was the best treatment to improve the nutrient content of the Tenebrio molitor caterpillar. Stage 2 concluded that the Tenebrio molitor caterpillar could be used up to 12% in laying quail rations (substituted 100% fish meal) and maintain the same egg production as control.

Program ini dilakukan pada peternakan itik Nagari Sungai Kamuyang Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah pengembangan ternak itik seperti mahalnya harga pakan, minimnya informasi tentang penyusunan ransum berbasis bahan lokal dan sistem pemeliharaan yang masih tradisional. Selain itu kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan peternak tentang probiotik dan manfaat serta cara penggunaannya, sehingga dengan penggunaan probiotik WARETHA pada ternak itik dapat mengatasi permasalahan dalam pengembangan usaha ternak itik seperti dapat menekan biaya pakan yang tinggi dan lebih terjangkau bagi usaha peternak rakyat. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa pendekatan yaitu pembelajaran berupa pelatihan dan pendampingan dengan tim pengabdi sebagai fasilitator berupa pengenalan produk probiotik WARETHA dan mempraktikkan cara penggunaannya serta cara penyusunan ransum itik berbagai tingkat umur, sehingga dengan penggunaan probiotik WARETHA dapat menekan biaya pakan yang tinggi. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah mengurangi biaya produksi, meningkatkan pendapatan peternak  dan dapat mengurangi bau feses di sekitar kandang yang ramah lingkungan serta meningkatkan pengetahuan peternak tentang manfaat dan cara penggunaan probiotik WARETHA. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan peternak tentang manajemen pemeliharaan ternak itik dengan menggunakan probiotik WARETHA dan penggunaan bahan pakan lokal, sehingga dapat mengurangi biaya produksi dan menekan biaya pakan.