A mixture of loliolide 1 (> 85%) and paniculatadiol 2 (< 15%) was obtained from the ethyl acetate leaf extract of Pterocarpus indicus by silica gel chromatography, while the air-dried flowers afforded lupeol 3 and phytol esters 4. The structures of 1-4 were determined by NMR spectroscopy. Antimicrobial tests on a mixture of 1 and 2 indicated that it has moderate activity against Candida albicans and low activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Aspergillus niger. It was found inactive against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.

Dichloromethane extracts of the seeds of Nephelium lappaceum afforded two new diastereomeric monoterpene lactones, 1 and 2, and the known butenolide siphonodin (3), as well as kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside. Compounds 1 and 2 represent a new monoterpene skeleton, and their structures were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectral data interpretation. Antimicrobial testing was carried out on 1 and 2 against a panel of bacteria and fungi.