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This study evaluates the diagnostic value of morphometric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the differential diagnosis among Parkinson's disease (PD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). We studied 21 PD cases, 11 MSA-c, 8 MSA-p and 20 PSP cases. Midbrain area (Ams), pons area (Apn), middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) and superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) were measured using MRI. Comparisons were made between PD, MSA-p, MSA-c and PSP. Apn , MCP and SCP morphometry dimensions presented differences among groups. Ams below 105 mm 2 and SCP smaller than 3 mm were the most predictive measures of PSP (sensitivity 95.0 and 80.0%, respectively). For the group of MSA-c patients, Apn area below 315 mm 2 showed good specificity and positive predictive value (93.8% and 72.7%, respectively). In conclusion, dimensions and cut off values obtained from routine MRI can differentiate between PD, PSP and MSA-c with good sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Key words: Parkinson, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, magnetic resonance imaging, pons, midbrain. Morfometria por ressonância magnética no diagnóstico diferencial das síndromes parkinsonianas rEsUMOMorfometria pela ressonância magnética (RM) no diagnóstico diferencial entre doença de Parkinson (DP), paralisia supranuclear progressiva (PSP) e atrofia de múltiplos sistemas (AMS). Este estudo avaliou a RM no diagnóstico diferencial de 21 casos com DP, 11 AMS-c, 8 AMS-p e 20 com PSP. A área sagital do mesencéfalo (Ams), área sagital da ponte (Apn), largura do pedúnculo cerebelar médio (PCM) e pedúnculo cerebelar superior (PCS) foram medidas pela RM e realizadas comparações entre destes pacientes. A Ams <105 mm 2 e a largura média do PCS <3 mm foram preditivas para PSP (sensibilidade de 95,0 e 80,0%, respectivamente). Nos casos de AMS-c a área pontina <315 mm 2 apresentou boa especificidade e valor preditivo positivo para o diagnóstico (93,8% e 72,7%). Em conclusão, as dimensões e valores de cortes obtidos a partir da RM podem diferenciar PD, PSP e

Horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis (HGPPS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by absence of conjugate horizontal eye movements and progressive scoliosis developing in childhood and adolescence. We present a child with clinical and neuroimaging findings typical of HGPPS. CT and MRI of the brain demonstrated pons hypoplasia, absence of the facial colliculi, butterfly configuration of the medulla and a deep midline pontine cleft. We briefly discuss the imaging aspects of this rare entity in light of the current literature.

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Developmental venous anomaly (DVA), also known as venous angioma, is becoming the most commonly encountered intracranial vascular malformation in central nervous system (CNS) CaSEA 19 years old woman presented with acute onset of syncope, followed by left side of the body weakness and numbness. MRI revealed a dilated vascular structure at right frontal lobe, filled with hyperintense material on unenhanced T1-weighted sequences. It was thought to represent a thrombosed venous collector of a DVA, draining toward the superficial venous system (Fig 1C). Gradient-echo sequences confirmed the endoluminal clot as a hypointense tubular structure due to magnetic susceptibility effect of blood products (Fig 1E). The insular cortex had a mild hyperintensity on unenhanced T1-weight-