No abstract

For a building to be considered sustainable, it is essential that it be energy efficient and assess the impact that its implementation and use will have on the environment. The evaluation of the energy efficiency of the systems that make up a building becomes fundamental. For this, the analysis of the envelope, its materiality, its conductivity indices and thermal transmittance directly influence the energy consumption of a building. Based on the Technical Quality Regulation for the Energy Efficiency Level of Commercial, Service and Public Buildings (RTQ-C), it was possible to evaluate and classify the efficiency levels of an educational building located in the municipality of Lajeado, Rio de Janeiro state. Grande do Sul, Brazil, applying natural and innovative materials for thermal insulation of wraps. The original rating of Level D goes to levels A and B, depending on the amount of insulating material applied. It is noteworthy that for the building to be classified as Level A, it is necessary to reduce the energy consumption of the artificial lighting system by 65%.

The high energy consumption of buildings in the various sectors of society, the exploitation of natural resources and the use of fossil fuels make it necessary to research constructive alternatives that can reduce the impact on the planet. The use of thermal insulation in buildings is important for the reduction of energy consumption, however, most of the materials developed are manufactured generating high rates of pollution. This study starts with the use of natural elements (corn cob / soybean straw / pine bark) and innovative elements (vacuum / slimstone plate), in order to improve energy efficiency of buildings. The methodological development of the work began in the selection of materials and development of facade cladding boards. The determination of the thermal conductivity was analyzed using a heating plate and PT100 temperature sensors, determination of the apparent and actual density, and analysis of the material composition using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). After the development of the analyzes, the natural slabs and recycled slimstone showed significant results, with thermal conductivity lower than 0.07 W / m.k.

Este estudo objetivou a elaboração de uma carta bioclimática para o Município de Alta Floresta, localizado no norte do Estado de Mato Grosso. Essa carta tem o intuito de apresentar estratégias bioclimáticas capazes de conferir conforto ambiental ao mesmo tempo que promove ações que sejam mais sustentáveis ao setor da construção civil. A relevância desta pesquisa para a região está na apresentação de diretrizes para a elaboração de projetos arquitetônicos pensados especificamente ao clima local, tornar compatível as condições térmicas ao conforto térmico humano no interior da edificação como estratégia bioclimática eficiente para proporcionar mais eficiência energética à construção civil. As médias mensais e anuais dos dados climáticos, temperatura e umidade relativa   do período de 2008 a 2018, disponibilizados pelo Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia, foram inseridas no Software Analysis Bio, que gerou a carta bioclimática, apresentando como resultado os meses de junho a setembro (Zona 1), conforto térmico, e de outubro a maio (Zona 2), recomendando a estratégia de ventilação. O resultado do artigo demonstra que o Município de Alta Floresta/MT está localizado em uma zona de conforto, recomendando apenas aberturas médias e sombreadas para as edificações que possibilitem a circulação de ar.

The advent of new technologies related to thermal insulation systems in civil construction helps buildings become more efficient, reducing their consumption of electric energy through air conditioning, and providing thermal comfort to users. The research aims to develop a facade cladding board for buildings, with thermal insulation starting from vacuum, and corn cob. Facade coatings with mortar finish were developed, filling them with developed materials. Three prototypes were executed in masonry of ceramic blocks, with dimensions of 60x60x64,0 cm. The Field Logger 512K (Lite) and PT100 sensors were used for data collection of external temperature and internal temperature of the prototypes. Solar radiation data were collected by the university weather station, model Davis-6450. It is worth noting the average internal temperature reduction in Prototype 2 and 3, compared to 1 (without isolation), which was 2.74 ° C and 8.05 ° C.